18th New Zealand Parliament
18th Parliament of New Zealand | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||
Overview | |||||
Legislative body | New Zealand Parliament | ||||
Term | 15 February 1912 – 5 November 1914 | ||||
Election | 1911 New Zealand general election | ||||
Government | Reform Government — Liberal Government until 10 July 1912 | ||||
House of Representatives | |||||
Members | 80 | ||||
Speaker of the House | Frederic Lang — Arthur Guinness until 10 June 1913† | ||||
Prime Minister | William Massey — Thomas Mackenzie until 10 July 1912 Joseph Ward until 12 March 1912 | ||||
Leader of the Opposition | Joseph Ward from 11 September 1913 — William Massey until 10 July 1912 | ||||
Legislative Council | |||||
Members | 37 (at start) 39 (at end) | ||||
Speaker of the Council | Charles Bowen | ||||
Sovereign | |||||
Monarch | HM George V | ||||
Governor | HE Rt. Hon. The Earl of Liverpool |
The 18th New Zealand Parliament was a term of the New Zealand Parliament. It was elected at the 1911 general election in December of that year.
1911 general election
The Second Ballot Act 1908 was used for the 1911 general election. The first ballot was held on Thursday, 7 December in the general electorates. The second ballots were held one week later on 14 December. The Second Ballot Act did not apply to the four Māori electorates and the election was held on Tuesday, 19 December.[1] A total of 80 MPs were elected; 42 represented North Island electorates, 34 represented South Island electorates, and the remaining four represented Māori electorates.[2] 590,042 voters were enrolled and the official turnout at the election was 83.5%.[1]
Sessions
The 18th Parliament sat for four sessions (there were two sessions in 1912), and was prorogued on 20 November 1914.[3]
Session | Opened | Adjourned |
---|---|---|
first | 15 February 1912 | 1 March 1912 |
second | 27 June 1912 | 7 November 1912 |
third | 26 June 1913 | 16 December 1913 |
fourth | 25 June 1914 | 5 November 1914 |
Party standings
Start of Parliament
Party | Leader(s) | Seats at start | |
Reform Party | William Massey | 37 | |
Liberal Party | Joseph Ward | 33 | |
Labour Party | Alfred Hindmarsh | 4 | |
Independents | 6 |
End of Parliament
Party | Leader(s) | Seats at end | |
Reform Party | William Massey | 38 | |
Liberal Party | Joseph Ward | 31 | |
United Labour Party | Alfred Hindmarsh | 3 | |
Social Democrat Party | James McCombs | 2 | |
Independents | 6 |
Ministries
The Liberal Government of New Zealand had taken office on 24 January 1891.[4] Joseph Ward formed the Ward Ministry on 6 August 1906.[5][6] The Ward Ministry remained in power until Ward's resignation as Prime Minister in March 1912.[7][5] The Liberal Party remained in power only on the casting vote of the Speaker, Arthur Guinness. The party selected Thomas Mackenzie as leader (and Prime Minister) and he formed the Mackenzie Ministry on 28 March 1912.[7][8] In July 1912, Mackenzie lost a vote of no confidence, resigned as Prime Minister and handed over to William Massey of the Reform Party, bringing to an end the long reign of the Liberal Party.[9] The Massey Ministry lasted for the remainder of the parliamentary term.[10]
Initial composition of the 18th Parliament
The following are the results of the 1911 general election:
Key
Reform | Liberal | Labour | Independent Liberal | Independent Labour |
Socialist | Liberal–Labour | Independent | Affiliation unknown |
Electorate | Incumbent | Winner | Majority | Runner up | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
General electorates[nb 1] | |||||||
Ashburton | William Nosworthy | 913† | John Kennedy | ||||
Auckland Central | Albert Glover | 2,261 | Michael Joseph Savage | ||||
Auckland East | Arthur Myers | 1,993 | Arthur Withy | ||||
Auckland West | Charles Poole | James Bradney | 1,577 | Charles Poole | |||
Avon | George Warren Russell | 271† | James McCombs | ||||
Awarua | Joseph Ward | 628 | John Hamilton | ||||
Bay of Islands | Vernon Reed | 183 | George Wilkinson[12] | ||||
Bay of Plenty | William MacDonald | 535 | Harry De Lautour | ||||
Bruce | James Allen | 675 | Parker McKinlay | ||||
Buller | James Colvin | 150 | Fergus Ferguson Munro | ||||
Chalmers | Edward Henry Clark | 326† | John Thomas Johnson | ||||
Christchurch East | Thomas Davey | 1181† | Henry Thacker | ||||
Christchurch North | Leonard Isitt | 749† | Dryden Hall | ||||
Christchurch South | Harry Ell | 631 | Gains Whiting | ||||
Clutha | Alexander Malcolm | 375 | George Livingstone[13] | ||||
Dunedin Central | James Arnold | Charles Statham | 1544 | James Arnold | |||
Dunedin North | George Thomson | 759† | Robert Douglas | ||||
Dunedin South | Thomas Sidey | 745 | John McManus | ||||
Dunedin West | John A. Millar | 639† | Harry Bedford | ||||
Eden | John Bollard | 663 | William Speight | ||||
Egmont | Bradshaw Dive | Thomas Mackenzie | 327 | Bradshaw Dive | |||
Ellesmere | Heaton Rhodes | 1581 | George Armstrong | ||||
Franklin | William Massey | 1963 | John McLarin[14] | ||||
Gisborne | James Carroll | Uncontested | |||||
Grey | Arthur Guinness | 1138 | Paddy Webb | ||||
Grey Lynn | George Fowlds | John Payne | 38† | George Fowlds | |||
Hawke's Bay | Alfred Dillon | Hugh Campbell | 1107† | Horace Simson | |||
Hurunui | George Forbes | 939 | David Macfarlane | ||||
Hutt | Thomas Wilford | 1931 | Michael Reardon | ||||
Invercargill | Josiah Hanan | 667† | Thomas Fleming | ||||
Kaiapoi | David Buddo | 209† | Richard Moore | ||||
Kaipara | John Stallworthy | Gordon Coates | 572† | John Stallworthy | |||
Lyttelton | George Laurenson | 2079 | Colin Cook | ||||
Manukau | Frederic Lang | 2307 | Ralph Stewart | ||||
Marsden | Francis Mander | 544 | Edmund Purdie | ||||
Masterton | Alexander Hogg | George Sykes | 581† | Alexander Hogg | |||
Mataura | George Anderson | 857 | John MacGibbon | ||||
Motueka | Roderick McKenzie | 1104 | Frederick Smith | ||||
Napier | Vigor Brown | 1064 | Henry Hill[15] | ||||
Nelson | John Graham | Harry Atmore | 1516† | Walter Moffatt | |||
Oamaru | Thomas Young Duncan | Ernest Lee | 1364 | Thomas Young Duncan | |||
Ohinemuri | Hugh Poland | 1207† | Pat Hickey | ||||
Oroua | David Guthrie | 1092 | Robert Hornblow | ||||
Otago Central | New electorate | Robert Scott | 1810 | William Mason | |||
Otaki | William Hughes Field | John Robertson | 21† | William Hughes Field | |||
Pahiatua | Robert Ross | James Escott | 573† | Robert Ross | |||
Palmerston | David Buick | 832 | Robert McNab | ||||
Parnell | Frank Lawry | James Samuel Dickson | 438† | John Findlay | |||
Patea | George Pearce | 960 | Patrick O'Dea | ||||
Raglan | New electorate | Richard Bollard | 919† | Allen Bell | |||
Rangitikei | Robert William Smith | Edward Newman | 1028 | William Meldrum | |||
Riccarton | George Witty | 1373† | Charles Ensor | ||||
Selwyn | Charles Hardy | William Dickie | 271 | Charles Hardy | |||
Stratford | John Hine | 730 | Joseph McCluggage | ||||
Taranaki | Henry Okey | 754 | Charles Bellringer | ||||
Taumarunui | William Thomas Jennings | Charles Wilson | 125 | William Thomas Jennings | |||
Tauranga | William Herries | 1941 | Robert King | ||||
Temuka | New electorate | Thomas Buxton | 1372 | William Jeffries | |||
Thames | Edmund Taylor | Thomas William Rhodes | 66 | Edmund Taylor | |||
Timaru | James Craigie | 1226 | Joseph Moore | ||||
Waikato | Henry Greenslade | Alexander Young | 1128 | Henry Greenslade | |||
Waimarino | New electorate | Robert William Smith | 480† | Frank Hockly | |||
Waipawa | Charles Hall | George Hunter | 569 | Albert Jull | |||
Wairarapa | Walter Clarke Buchanan | 125 | J. T. Marryat Hornsby | ||||
Wairau | John Duncan | Richard McCallum | 142† | John Duncan | |||
Waitaki | William Steward | Francis Henry Smith | 84† | John Macpherson | |||
Waitemata | Leonard Phillips | James Samuel Dickson | 407† | William Joseph Napier | |||
Wakatipu | William Fraser | 91 | James Horn | ||||
Wallace | John Charles Thomson | 1962 | Alan Carmichael | ||||
Wanganui | James Thomas Hogan | Bill Veitch | 1156† | James Thomas Hogan | |||
Wellington East | David McLaren | Alfred Newman | 65† | David McLaren | |||
Wellington Central | Francis Fisher | 131† | Robert Fletcher | ||||
Wellington North | Alexander Herdman | 1807 | Arnold Woolford Izard | ||||
Wellington South | Robert Wright | Alfred Hindmarsh | 254† | Robert Wright | |||
Wellington Suburbs and Country | John Luke | William Henry Dillon Bell | 399 | Frank Moore | |||
Westland | Tom Seddon | 271 | Henry Michel | ||||
Māori electorates[nb 2] | |||||||
Eastern Maori | Āpirana Ngata | Uncontested | |||||
Northern Maori | Te Rangi Hīroa | 405 | Riapo Timoti Puhipi | ||||
Southern Maori | Tame Parata | Taare Parata | 31 | Hopere Uru | |||
Western Maori | Henare Kaihau | Māui Pōmare | 565 | Henare Kaihau |
Table footnotes:
- ^ † in Majority column depicts electorates in which a second ballot was held.
- ^ The affiliation of many of the Maori candidates is unknown or uncertain; note that the Second Ballot Act 1908 did not apply to Maori constituencies.
By-elections during 18th Parliament
There were a number of changes during the term of the 18th Parliament.
Electorate and by-election | Date | Incumbent | Cause | Winner | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Egmont | 1912 | 17 September | Thomas Mackenzie | Resignation | Charles Wilkinson | ||
Grey | 1913[16] | 17 & 24 July | Arthur Guinness | Death | Paddy Webb | ||
Lyttelton | 1913[17] | 9 & 16 December | George Laurenson | Death | James McCombs |
Name | Year | Seat | From | To | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alfred Hindmarsh | 1912 | Wellington South | Labour | United Labour | ||
John Payne | Grey Lynn | Independent Labour | ||||
Bill Veitch | Wanganui | Independent Labour | United Labour |
Notes
- ^ a b "General elections 1853–2005 - dates & turnout". Elections New Zealand. Archived from the original on 27 May 2010. Retrieved 10 December 2011.
- ^ Scholefield 1950, p. 90.
- ^ Scholefield 1950, p. 69.
- ^ Scholefield 1950, p. 40.
- ^ a b Scholefield 1950, pp. 42–43.
- ^ Hall-Jones, John. "Hall-Jones, William 1851–1936". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 10 December 2011.
- ^ a b Bassett, Michael. "Ward, Joseph George 1856–1930". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 10 December 2011.
- ^ Scholefield 1950, p. 43.
- ^ Brooking, Tom. "Mackenzie, Thomas Noble 1853–1930". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 10 December 2011.
- ^ Scholefield 1950, pp. 43–44.
- ^ "The General Election, 1911". National Library. 1912. pp. 1–14. Retrieved 1 August 2013.
- ^ "Political Gossip". The Marlborough Express. Vol. C, no. 266. 16 November 1914. p. 3. Retrieved 26 April 2015.
- ^ "Clutha". Otago Witness. No. 3008. 8 November 1911. p. 37. Retrieved 1 August 2020.
- ^ "Electoral district of Franklin: nominations". Auckland Star. Vol. XLII, no. 290. 6 December 1911. p. 16. Retrieved 1 August 2020.
- ^ Matthews, Kay Morris. "Henry Hill". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 10 October 2015.
- ^ "Declaration of Result of Poll and Notification of Second Ballot". Grey River Argus. 24 July 1913. p. 1. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
- ^ "Mr McCombs Returned". Northern Advocate. 17 December 1913. p. 4. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
References
- Scholefield, Guy (1950) [First ed. published 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1949 (3rd ed.). Wellington: Govt. Printer.