Barryscourt Castle
Barryscourt Castle (Caisleán Chúirt an Bharraigh in Irish) is a castle located in eastern County Cork in southern Ireland, close to the town of Carrigtwohill.
History
The site on which Barryscourt castle now stands has been occupied for over a thousand years- there is evidence of a wooden watermill having been built next to a stream at the site sometime in the 7th century, long before any fortification existed there. Barryscourt fell into the hands of the Anglo-Norman de Barry family in the 12th century, and masonry from this period found at the site may be the remains of another watermill or possibly an early fortification built by the Barrys.
While the de Barry's lands in various parts of County Cork were divided amongst various branches of the family, Barryscourt remained in the possession of the most powerful branch, the Barrymores (Barra mór or "Great Barry" in Irish). The Barrymore line later became extinct, Barryscourt thus passing to a distant cousin, James FitzRichard of the Barryroes (Barra rua, "Red Barry"), in 1556. The present Tower house at Barryscourt was probably built late in the reign of the Barrymores, either in the 15th or 16th century, with a tentative date of about 1550 based on the architectural style, and became the family seat of the Barrys.
The Barrys supported the Desmond Rebellions of 1569 and 1579, and in 1581 they destroyed or severely damaged the family castles to prevent English forces from capturing them, including Barryscourt, which was threatened by an army led by Sir Walter Raleigh. After the suppression of the second rebellion, the Barrys were pardoned by Queen Elizabeth I and Barryscourt was repaired, with an outer wall or "bawn" surrounding an inner courtyard being added, including 3 corner towers. The English-born judge Luke Gernon visited the castle in 1620 and left a detailed description of it.[2]
Barryscourt ceased to be the main residence of the Barry family in 1617, but was evidently still an important fortification for many years afterwards, as it was attacked and captured in 1645, during the Irish Confederate War. The marks caused by the impact of cannonballs during this attack can still be seen on the castle walls.
Barryscourt castle eventually fell into disuse, and a house was built by the Coppinger family (who had taken over the property from the Barrys) next to the castle in the early 18th century; this house has long since disappeared. The Barryscourt Trust was set up in 1987 for the purpose of conserving and developing the potential of the castle as a heritage site. In the 1990s, the relatively intact shell of the tower house was repaired and reroofed by Dúchas, and is now a popular tourist heritage site run by the Office of Public Works. The interior is furnished as it would have been in the 16th century. The castle has daily guided tours available free of charge.
Architecture
Barryscourt castle was built in a style fairly typical in Ireland in the 16th century, consisting of a main tower house building with smaller adjacent buildings arranged around a courtyard, which was protected by an outer "bawn" or curtain wall, with 3 smaller corner towers. A large building once stood next to the main tower inside the bawn, and was probably a dining hall, but only ruins remain. The main tower is situated at the south-west corner of the roughly rectangular curtain wall and the main entrance to the courtyard is right next to it, set into the south curtain wall (there is also a smaller gate in the north curtain wall). The dungeon is a drop-prisoner-in-from-the-top type. Three smaller turrets project from the north-east, south-east and south-west corners of the main tower. These three turrets are 5 storeys high, while the main block of the tower is only 3 storeys high.
See also
Further reading
- Medieval Ireland: The Barryscourt Lectures I-X. Published by the Barryscourt Trust in association with Cork County Council and Gandon Editions, Kinsale, 2004. Editors: John Ludlow and Noel Jameson.
References
External links
- Official webpage at Heritage Ireland site (archived 2010)
51°54′17″N 8°15′34″W / 51.904615°N 8.259374°W / 51.904615; -8.259374
- v
- t
- e
- Ashford Castle
- Aughnanure Castle
- Ballymore Castle
- Ballymote Castle
- Ballynahinch Castle
- Castle Hackett
- Classiebawn Castle
- Clifden Castle
- Clonalis House
- Dunguaire Castle
- Dunsandle Castle
- Eyrecourt Castle
- Fiddaun Castle
- Hazelwood House
- Glanleam House
- Kilronan Castle
- Lissadell House
- Markree Castle
- Menlo Castle
- Parke's Castle
- Strokestown House
- Tyrone House
- Westport House
- Abbeville, Dublin
- Aldborough House
- Áras an Uachtaráin
- Ardgillan Castle
- Ashtown Castle
- Baggotrath Castle
- Carrickmines Castle
- Castleknock Castle
- Chichester House
- Clontarf Castle
- Deerfield
- Drimnagh Castle
- Dublin Castle
- Farmleigh
- Frescati House
- Hillcourt
- Howth Castle
- Iveagh House
- Leinster House
- Lucan Manor
- Luttrellstown Castle
- Malahide Castle
- Manderley Castle
- Manresa House
- Mansion House
- Merrion Castle
- Mornington House
- Rathfarnham Castle
- Roebuck, Dublin
- Sutton Castle
- Swords Castle
- Allenstown House
- Altamont House
- Ardbraccan House
- Athlone Castle
- Athclare Castle
- Athlumney Castle
- Avondale House
- Ballinlough Castle
- Barberstown Castle
- Bargy Castle
- Beaulieu House
- Bellinter House
- Belvedere House
- Bellevue House
- Birr Castle
- Blessington House
- Butler House
- Carton House
- Castle Durrow
- Castlemartin House and Estate
- Castle Roche
- Castletown House
- Charleville Castle
- Dangan Castle
- Dardistown Castle
- Darver Castle
- Duckett's Grove
- Dunsany Castle
- Durhamstown Castle
- Emo Court
- Enniscorthy Castle
- Foulksrath Castle
- Gloster House
- Humewood Castle
- Huntington Castle
- Kilkea Castle
- Killeen Castle, Dunsany
- Kilkenny Castle
- Killruddery House
- Kinnitty Castle
- Leap Castle
- Leixlip Castle
- Lisnavagh House
- Loftus Hall
- Luggala Lodge
- Lyons Demesne
- Maynooth Castle
- Marlfield House
- Middleton Park House
- Mount Loftus
- Portlick Castle
- Powerscourt House
- Rock of Dunamase
- Russborough House
- Slane Castle
- Stradbally Hall
- Straffan House
- Summerhill House
- Tallaght Castle
- Townley Hall
- Trim Castle
- Abbeville, Tipperary
- Adare Manor
- Ardfinnan Castle
- Ballinalacken Castle
- Ballinskelligs Castle
- Ballycarbery Castle
- Ballyhannon Castle
- Bantry House
- Barryscourt Castle
- Black Castle
- Blarney Castle
- Bourchier's Castle
- Bunratty Castle
- Bowen's Court
- Cahir Castle
- Cappoquin House
- Castle Conway
- Castle Donovan
- Castle Gurteen de la Poer
- Castle Maine
- Castle Oliver
- Castle Otway
- Craggaunowen Castle
- Croom Castle
- Curraghmore
- Damer House
- Derreen House
- Derryquin Castle
- Desmond Castle, Kinsale
- Doonagore Castle
- Dough Castle
- Dromoland Castle
- Dromore Castle
- Dunasead Castle
- Dunboy Castle
- Dunkerron Castle
- Dunlough Castle
- Ennistymon House
- Fota House
- Gallarus Castle
- Kenmare House
- Kilcash Castle
- Killagha Abbey
- Killarney House
- Kiltinan Castle
- King John's Castle
- Knappogue Castle
- Leamaneh Castle
- Lismore Castle
- Listowel Castle
- Macroom Castle
- Moorstown Castle
- Mount Congreve
- Mount Trenchard House
- Muckross House
- Newhall House
- Newtown Castle
- O'Dea Castle
- Ormonde Castle
- Parkavonear Castle
- Red House
- Redwood Castle
- Rock of Cashel
- Roscrea Castle
- Ross Castle
- Shanmuckinish Castle
- Slevoir House
- Strancally Castle
- Tarbert House
- Vernon Mount
- Waterford Castle
- Woodhouse
- Woodstown House
- Altinaghree Castle
- Archbishop's Palace, Armagh
- Arthur Cottage
- Bailieborough Castle
- Ballymoyer House
- Bangor Castle
- Baronscourt
- Belfast Castle
- Bellamont House
- Blessingbourne House
- Burt Castle
- Carrickfergus Castle
- Castle Caulfield
- Castle Coole
- Castle Leslie
- Castle Saunderson
- Clandeboye House
- Cloughoughter Castle
- Crom Castle
- Dartrey Forest
- Derrymore House
- Doe Castle
- Donegal Castle
- Dundrum Castle
- Dungannon Castle
- Dunluce Castle
- Florence Court
- Glenarm Castle
- Glenveagh Castle
- Gosford Castle
- Grianan of Aileach
- Hillsborough Castle
- Hope Castle
- Inch Castle
- Lissan House
- Lough Eske Castle
- Monellan Castle
- Mongavlin Castle
- Mount Stewart
- Parkanaur House
- Richhill Castle
- Rossmore Castle
- Springhill House
- Tynan Abbey