Battles of Heraclea
The battles of Heraclea were a series of battles fought during the Crusade of 1101 between Crusaders led by William II, Count of Nevers and the Sultanate of Rum led by Kilij Arslan I. Both battles resulted in a Turkish victory.
| Battles of Heraclea | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of the Crusades | |||||||
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
| Sultanate of Rum Danishmend | Kingdom of France
| ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
| Kilij Arslan I Gazi Gümüshtigin | William II, Count of Nevers William IX, Duke of Aquitaine | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
| 20,000 or 25,000 | 40,000-50,000, 40,000-60,000 | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
| Minimal | Heavy | ||||||
- v
- t
- e
Ideology and institutions
- Crusading movement
- Military order (religious society)
- Crusade indulgence
- Papal income tax
In the Holy Land (1095–1291)
- First
- 1101
- Norwegian
- Venetian
- 1129
- Second
- Third
- 1197
- Fourth
- Fifth
- Sixth
- Barons'
- Seventh
- 1267
- Catalan
- Eighth
- Lord Edward's
- Fall of Outremer
Later Crusades (1291–1717)
- Crusades after Acre, 1291–1399
- Aragonese
- Smyrniote
- Alexandrian
- Savoyard
- Barbary
- Nicopolis
- Varna
- Holy Leagues
Northern (1147–1410)
Against Christians (1209–1588)
Popular (1096–1320)
- People's (1096)
- Children's
- Shepherds' (1251)
- Crusade of the Poor
- Shepherds' (1320)
The French that constituted the second group of the Crusade of 1101, could also escape wrath of Sultan Kilij Arslan I. William II, Count of Nevers who arrived in Istanbul in June 1101, moved fast to Ankara and then he moved to Konya the army suffered on the way Turkish raids. When they arrived the army were terrified by Turks, Kilij Arslan I attacked them which ended in a Turkish victory.[5][6][7]
The French and German that headed east under the command of William II, Count of Nevers arrived at Istanbul early June 1101, where they headed Konya through Nicomedia-Nicaea entering Seljuk lands near Aksehir. As Kilij Arslan had heard of their marching long time ago, they evacuated cities, including Konya and destroyed the field and water sources. Kilij Arslan and Gazi Gümüshtigin waited for them to get weaker and weaker, they saw the Crusaders running to a river, Kilij Arslan attacked them and it ended in a Turkish victory.[8]
References
Citations
- ^ Jaspert, Nikolas (2006), The Crusades, Londra: Routledge ISBN 0-415-35968-6 say. 42
- ^ Runciman, Steven (1987). A history of the Crusades, vol. 2: The Kingdom of Jerusalem and the Frankish East, 1100-1187. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 25–27. ISBN 052134770X. OCLC 17461930.
- ^ Cate, James Lea (1969). "The Crusade of 1101". In Setton, Kenneth M.; Baldwin, Marshall W. (eds.). A History of the Crusades: I. The First Hundred Years. Madison: The University of Wisconsin Press. pp. 343–352.
- ^ Savvides, Alexios G. C. (2006). "Qilij Arslān of Rûm (d. 1107)". In The Crusades - An Encyclopedia. p. 998.
- ^ Guillaume de Tyr, I, s.327-328
- ^ Foucher de Chartres, s.132-134
- ^ Albert d'Aix, s.32-35
- ^ Albertus Aquensis, Liber Christiane Expeditionis pro Ereptione et Restitutione Sanctae Hierosolymitanae Ecclesiae, RHC. occ, IV, VIII, 1 et seq, p. 559 et seq.
