Brzoza, Toruń County

Village in Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland

52°57′43″N 18°41′20″E / 52.96194°N 18.68889°E / 52.96194; 18.68889Country

PolandVoivodeshipKuyavian-PomeranianCountyToruńGminaWielka NieszawkaPopulation

180Time zoneUTC+1 (CET) • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)Vehicle registrationCTRHighways

National roads

Brzoza [ˈbʐɔza], meaning birch, is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wielka Nieszawka, within Toruń County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland.^[1] It lies approximately 13 kilometres (8 mi) east of Wielka Nieszawka and 10 km (6 mi) south-east of Toruń. It is located in the historic region of Kuyavia.

History

During the German occupation of Poland (World War II), in 1939, the local Polish school principal was murdered by the Germans in a massacre of Poles committed in the nearby Barbarka forest in Toruń as part of the Intelligenzaktion.^[2] In November 1940, the German Schutzpolizei carried out expulsions of Poles, who were placed in a transit camp in Toruń, and then either deported to the General Government in the more eastern part of German-occupied Poland or sent to forced labour, while their houses and farms were handed over to German colonists as part of the Lebensraum policy.^[3]

Transport

Brzoza is located at the intersection of the Polish A1 and S10 highways, and also the National road 91 passes through the village. There is also a railway station in the village.

References

^ "Central Statistical Office (GUS) - TERYT (National Register of Territorial Land Apportionment Journal)" (in Polish). 2008-06-01.
^ Wardzyńska, Maria (2009). Był rok 1939. Operacja niemieckiej policji bezpieczeństwa w Polsce. Intelligenzaktion (in Polish). Warsaw: IPN. p. 162.
^ Wardzyńska, Maria (2017). Wysiedlenia ludności polskiej z okupowanych ziem polskich włączonych do III Rzeszy w latach 1939-1945 (in Polish). Warsaw: IPN. pp. 79–80. ISBN 978-83-8098-174-4.