DKK3

Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

DKK3

Identifiers

Aliases

DKK3, REIC, RIG, dickkopf WNT signaling pathway inhibitor 3, CRRL

External IDs

OMIM: 605416; MGI: 1354952; HomoloGene: 8303; GeneCards: DKK3; OMA:DKK3 - orthologs

Gene location (Human)

Chr.	Chromosome 11 (human)^[1]

Band	11p15.3	Start	11,956,207 bp^[1]
Band	11p15.3	End	12,009,769 bp^[1]

Gene location (Mouse)

Chr.	Chromosome 7 (mouse)^[2]

Band	7\|7 F1	Start	111,715,224 bp^[2]
Band	7\|7 F1	End	111,758,264 bp^[2]

RNA expression pattern

Bgee

Human

Mouse (ortholog)

Top expressed in

endothelial cell

Brodmann area 23

middle temporal gyrus

lateral nuclear group of thalamus

external globus pallidus

right auricle

tendon of biceps brachii

entorhinal cortex

Pars compacta

vena cava

Top expressed in

epithelium of lens

ciliary body

iris

neural layer of retina

aortic valve

calvaria

ascending aorta

utricle

dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation granule cell

primary motor cortex

More reference expression data

BioGPS


More reference expression data

Gene ontology
Molecular function	co-receptor binding receptor antagonist activity
Cellular component	extracellular region extracellular space
Biological process	negative regulation of anti-Mullerian hormone signaling pathway multicellular organism development negative regulation of cortisol biosynthetic process negative regulation of Wnt signaling pathway anatomical structure morphogenesis negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated Wnt signaling pathway adrenal gland development negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway negative regulation of aldosterone biosynthetic process extracellular negative regulation of signal transduction negative regulation of signaling receptor activity
Sources:Amigo / QuickGO

Orthologs

Species

Human

Mouse

Entrez


27122


50781

Ensembl


ENSG00000050165


ENSMUSG00000030772

UniProt


Q9UBP4


Q9QUN9

RefSeq (mRNA)


NM_001018057 NM_013253 NM_015881 NM_001330220


NM_015814 NM_001360257 NM_001360260 NM_001360261

RefSeq (protein)


NP_001018067 NP_001317149 NP_037385 NP_056965


NP_056629 NP_001347186 NP_001347189 NP_001347190

Location (UCSC)

Chr 11: 11.96 – 12.01 Mb

Chr 7: 111.72 – 111.76 Mb

PubMed search

^[3]

^[4]

Wikidata

View/Edit Human

View/Edit Mouse

Dickkopf-related protein 3 is a protein in the Dickkopf family that in humans is encoded by the DKK3 gene.^[5]^[6]

This gene encodes a protein that is a member of the dickkopf family. The secreted protein contains two cysteine rich regions and is involved in embryonic development through its interactions with the Wnt signaling pathway. The expression of this gene is decreased in a variety of cancer cell lines and it may function as a tumor suppressor gene. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding the same protein.^[6]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000050165 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000030772 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Krupnik VE, Sharp JD, Jiang C, Robison K, Chickering TW, Amaravadi L, et al. (October 1999). "Functional and structural diversity of the human Dickkopf gene family". Gene. 238 (2): 301–13. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(99)00365-0. PMID 10570958.
^ ^a ^b "Entrez Gene: DKK3 dickkopf homolog 3 (Xenopus laevis)".

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Andersson B, Wentland MA, Ricafrente JY, Liu W, Gibbs RA (April 1996). "A "double adaptor" method for improved shotgun library construction". Analytical Biochemistry. 236 (1): 107–13. doi:10.1006/abio.1996.0138. PMID 8619474.
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Tsuji T, Miyazaki M, Sakaguchi M, Inoue Y, Namba M (February 2000). "A REIC gene shows down-regulation in human immortalized cells and human tumor-derived cell lines". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 268 (1): 20–4. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1999.2067. PMID 10652205.
Kobayashi K, Ouchida M, Tsuji T, Hanafusa H, Miyazaki M, Namba M, et al. (January 2002). "Reduced expression of the REIC/Dkk-3 gene by promoter-hypermethylation in human tumor cells". Gene. 282 (1–2): 151–8. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(01)00838-1. PMID 11814687.
Mao B, Niehrs C (January 2003). "Kremen2 modulates Dickkopf2 activity during Wnt/LRP6 signaling". Gene. 302 (1–2): 179–83. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(02)01106-X. PMID 12527209.
Kurose K, Sakaguchi M, Nasu Y, Ebara S, Kaku H, Kariyama R, et al. (March 2004). "Decreased expression of REIC/Dkk-3 in human renal clear cell carcinoma". The Journal of Urology. 171 (3): 1314–8. doi:10.1097/01.ju.0000101047.64379.d4. PMID 14767340.
Hoang BH, Kubo T, Healey JH, Yang R, Nathan SS, Kolb EA, et al. (April 2004). "Dickkopf 3 inhibits invasion and motility of Saos-2 osteosarcoma cells by modulating the Wnt-beta-catenin pathway". Cancer Research. 64 (8): 2734–9. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-03-1952. PMID 15087387.
Roman-Gomez J, Jimenez-Velasco A, Agirre X, Castillejo JA, Navarro G, Barrios M, et al. (August 2004). "Transcriptional silencing of the Dickkopfs-3 (Dkk-3) gene by CpG hypermethylation in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia". British Journal of Cancer. 91 (4): 707–13. doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6602008. PMC 2364778. PMID 15226763.
Zhang Z, Henzel WJ (October 2004). "Signal peptide prediction based on analysis of experimentally verified cleavage sites". Protein Science. 13 (10): 2819–24. doi:10.1110/ps.04682504. PMC 2286551. PMID 15340161.
Hsieh SY, Hsieh PS, Chiu CT, Chen WY (December 2004). "Dickkopf-3/REIC functions as a suppressor gene of tumor growth". Oncogene. 23 (57): 9183–9. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1208138. PMID 15516983. S2CID 10188362.
Ftouh S, Akbar MT, Hirsch SR, de Belleroche JS (July 2005). "Down-regulation of Dickkopf 3, a regulator of the Wnt signalling pathway, in elderly schizophrenic subjects". Journal of Neurochemistry. 94 (2): 520–30. doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03239.x. PMID 15998302. S2CID 679696.
Kuphal S, Lodermeyer S, Bataille F, Schuierer M, Hoang BH, Bosserhoff AK (August 2006). "Expression of Dickkopf genes is strongly reduced in malignant melanoma". Oncogene. 25 (36): 5027–36. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1209508. PMID 16568085. S2CID 12065588.
Urakami S, Shiina H, Enokida H, Kawakami T, Kawamoto K, Hirata H, et al. (April 2006). "Combination analysis of hypermethylated Wnt-antagonist family genes as a novel epigenetic biomarker panel for bladder cancer detection". Clinical Cancer Research. 12 (7 Pt 1): 2109–16. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-05-2468. PMID 16609023.
Veeck J, Bektas N, Hartmann A, Kristiansen G, Heindrichs U, Knüchel R, Dahl E (2008). "Wnt signalling in human breast cancer: expression of the putative Wnt inhibitor Dickkopf-3 (DKK3) is frequently suppressed by promoter hypermethylation in mammary tumours". Breast Cancer Research. 10 (5): R82. doi:10.1186/bcr2151. PMC 2614517. PMID 18826564.
Veeck J, Wild PJ, Fuchs T, Schüffler PJ, Hartmann A, Knüchel R, Dahl E (July 2009). "Prognostic relevance of Wnt-inhibitory factor-1 (WIF1) and Dickkopf-3 (DKK3) promoter methylation in human breast cancer". BMC Cancer. 9: 217. doi:10.1186/1471-2407-9-217. PMC 2717119. PMID 19570204.