Dysorthography

Medical condition

Dysorthography is a disorder of spelling which accompanies dyslexia by a direct consequence of the phonological disorder.^[1]^[2] In the American classification from the American Psychiatric Association (APA) and the classification from the World Health Organization (WHO), it is a subtype of specific learning disorder with impairment in written expression.^[3]^[4]

Signs and symptoms

Dysorthography impacts some individuals more than others, but the most typical symptoms are usually difficulty spelling and spelling mistakes, mistaking spoken and written words, writing words together, or confusing letters, using apostrophes improperly or not at all, and article misuse or confusion.^[5]

Treatment

The cause of this disorder needs to be identified in order to be treated. Pronunciation problems, visual or auditory impairments, or even an unfavorable study environment are frequently the causes. The speech therapist or child psychologist may recommend a course of treatment that focuses on learning and applying proper spelling, as well as resolving related issues, based on the cause and degree of impairment.^[5]

References

^ Centre, INSERM Collective Expertise (2007). Dyslexia Dysorthography Dyscalculia. Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale. PMID 21348173. Retrieved 2016-08-02.
^ Nijakowska, Joanna (23 June 2010). Dyslexia in the Foreign Language Classroom. Multilingual Matters. p. 3. ISBN 978-1-84769-400-3. Retrieved 11 July 2021.
^ American Psychiatric Association - 5th edition (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual for mental disorders. doi:10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596. ISBN 978-0-89042-559-6.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
^ World Health Organization. "ICD-11 for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics". icd.who.int.
^ ^a ^b "Dysorthography: what is it, symptoms and treatment". Top Doctors. Retrieved January 3, 2024.

External links

Classification	D ICD-11: 6A03.0 ICD-10: R48.8 SNOMED CT: 268738002
External resources	Scholia: Q2705600

Dyslexia and related specific developmental disorders

Conditions

Speech, language, and communication	Expressive language disorder Infantile speech Landau–Kleffner syndrome Language disorder Lisp Mixed receptive-expressive language disorder Specific language impairment Speech and language impairment Speech disorder Speech error Speech sound disorder Stuttering Tip of the tongue
Learning disability	Dyslexia Dyscalculia Dysgraphia Disorder of written expression
Motor	Developmental coordination disorder Developmental verbal dyspraxia
Sensory	Auditory processing disorder Sensory processing disorder