First Battle of Seoul
- 25 June 1950 – 28 June 1950
(3 days)
- Syngman Rhee
- Chae Byeong-deok †
- Kim Il Sung
- Kim Chaek
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- North Korean offensive
(25 June – 15 September 1950)
- Pokpung
- Chuncheon
- 1st Seoul
- Gorangpo
- Kaesong–Munsan
- Ongjin
- Uijeongbu
- Suwon Airfield
- Air Campaign
- Andong
- Chumonchin Chan
- Osan
- Pyongtaek
- Chonan
- Chochiwon
- Taejon
- Sangju
- Yongdong
- Hwanggan
- Hadong
- Notch
- Pusan Perimeter
- United Nations Command counteroffensive
(15 September – 30 October 1950)
- Inchon
- Pusan Perimeter offensive
- 2nd Seoul
- UN September 1950 counteroffensive
- UN offensive into North Korea
- Sariwon
- Pyongyang
- Yongyu
- Kujin
- Chongju
- Sunchon tunnel
- Chinese Intervention
(25 October 1950 – January 1951)
- Onjong
- Unsan
- Pakchon
- Second Phase Offensive
- Ch'ongch'on River
- Wawon
- Chosin Reservoir
- Task Force Faith
- UN retreat from North Korea
- 3rd Seoul
- Uijeongbu
- 1st and 2nd Wonju
- Pohang
- Fighting around the 38th parallel
(January – June 1951)
- Happy Valley
- Thunderbolt
- Twin Tunnels
- Roundup
- Hoengsong
- Chipyong-ni
- 3rd Wonju
- Chuam-ni
- Wonsan
- Killer
- 4th Seoul (Operation Ripper)
- Maehwa-san
- Courageous
- Tomahawk
- Rugged
- Dauntless
- Spring offensive
- UN May–June 1951 counteroffensive
- Stalemate
(July 1951 – 27 July 1953)
- Bloody Ridge
- Minden
- Punchbowl
- Heartbreak Ridge
- Commando
- Haktang-ni
- Polecharge
- 2nd Maryang-san
- Rat Killer
- Hill Eerie
- Old Baldy
- Blaze
- Bunker Hill
- Outpost Kelly
- White Horse Hill
- Arrowhead Hill
- Triangle Hill
- Jackson Heights
- Noris
- 1st Hook
- 2nd Hook
- Chatkol
- Outpost Vegas
- Pork Chop Hill
- Little Switch
- Nevada Complex
- 3rd Hook
- Outpost Harry
- Kumsong
- Berlin Outposts and Boulder City
- Samichon River
- Korean Armistice Agreement
- Big Switch
- Panmunjom Declaration
- Air operations
(1950 – 1953)
- Air Campaign
- MiG Alley
- Sunchon
- Strangle
- Sui-ho Dam
- Bombing of North Korea 1950–1953
- Naval operations
(1950 – 1953)
- Naval engagements of the Korean War
Korean War (template)
The First Battle of Seoul (Korean: 제1차 서울 전투), known in North Korean historiography as the Liberation of Seoul, was the North Korean capture of the South Korean capital, Seoul, during June 1950 at the start of the Korean War.
Background
On 25 June 1950, Korean People's Army (KPA) forces crossed the 38th parallel and invaded South Korea. The KPA utilized a blitzkrieg style invasion using T-34 tanks supported by artillery. The Republic of Korea Army (ROKA) had no methods in stopping the onslaught of tanks as they lacked anti-tank weapons and had no tanks at all.
Battle
On 28 June the ROKA demolished the bridge across the Han River trapping soldiers from the 5th Division and killing hundreds of refugees evacuating the city.[1] North Korean forces were able to cross the river later that day and occupy Seoul.[2]
Aftermath
On 30 June President of the United States Harry S. Truman released a statement that indicated the invasion of South Korea had grown the threat of communism to the Pacific area and the United States. In response to the invasion, Truman ordered United States provide assistance with air and land forces in Korea. Moreover, Truman ordered the United States Seventh Fleet to prevent any attack on Formosa and strengthened the United States forces in the Philippines.[3]
As a result of North Korea’s invasion, the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) passed United Nations Security Council Resolution 84. The resolution authorised the use of the UN flag in operations against North Korean forces and those nations partaking. The UNSC provided a recommendation to members to provide assistance to South Korea in repelling the North Korean attack and restoring worldwide peace and security.[4]
See also
References
- ^ Millett, Allan R. (2007). The Korean War: The Essential Bibliography. The Essential Bibliography Series. Potomac Books Inc. pp. 18–19. ISBN 978-1-57488-976-5.
- ^ Johnston, William (2011). A war of patrols: Canadian Army operations in Korea. University of British Columbia Press. p. 20. ISBN 978-0-7748-1008-1.
- ^ "Statement by the President, Truman on Korea". History and Public Policy Program Digital Archive, Public Papers of the Presidents, Harry S. Truman, 1945–1953. 27 June 1950.
- ^ "United Nations Security Council Resolution 84". History and Public Policy Program Digital Archive, United Nations. Department of Public Information. 5 July 1950.
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