Haush language
Extinct Chonan language of Argentina
| Haush | |
|---|---|
| Manek'enk | |
| Region | Argentina |
| Ethnicity | Haush people |
| Extinct | c. 1920 |
Language family | Chonan †
|
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | None (mis) |
Linguist List | qoa |
| Glottolog | haus1240 |
The Haush language (also Manek'enk) was an indigenous language spoken by the Haush people and was formerly spoken on the island of Tierra del Fuego.[1] The Haush were considered the oldest inhabitants of Tierra del Fuego; they inhabited the far eastern tip of the Mitre Peninsula. They made regular hunting trips to Isla de los Estados.
Before 1850, an estimated 300 people spoke Haush.[2] The last speaker of Haush died around 1920 and the language is considered extinct.[3]
Haush is considered to be related to the Selk'nam, Gününa Yajich, Teushen, and Tehuelche languages, which collectively belong to the Chonan language family.[4]
Vocabulary
Carlo Luigi Spegazzini (1899) cites the following Haush vocabulary.
Words
| Haush | English |
|---|---|
| ča(a)wataʔ | small mushroom |
| se | wife |
| maʔčaju- | young man |
| kotek | to whistle |
| k’ero | small hawk |
| t’elk’en | child |
Phrases
CER:certitive DEI1:deictic of minimum distance DEI3:deictic of maximum distance INFR:informality positional classifier DISP:displacement positional classifier
anan
canoe
k-as-pe-nk
AN-inside-be(.sitting)-CER.M
naʔ
DEI1
anan k-as-pe-nk naʔ
canoe AN-inside-be(.sitting)-CER.M DEI1
'He is in the canoe.'[6]
hajketa(s)
3
sola-n(k)
be.strong-CER.M
hajketa(s) sola-n(k)
3 be.strong-CER.M
'He is strong.'[6]
asi
INTERR
n
?
a-ma:
DISP-DEI3
čeʔne-s
come-DUB
asi n a-ma: čeʔne-s
INTERR ? DISP-DEI3 come-DUB
'Who's coming?'[6]
a-ma(a)
DISP-DEI3
henk
man
čeʔne-s
come-DUB
a-ma(a) henk čeʔne-s
DISP-DEI3 man come-DUB
'A man comes.'[7]
naʔ
DEI1
pe-j
be(.sitting)-IMP
ma(a)
2
n
?
naʔ pe-j ma(a) n
DEI1 be(.sitting)-IMP 2 ?
'Sit here.'[7]
ma(a)
2
(a)jam-i
light-IMP
so:l
fire
ma(a) (a)jam-i so:l
2 light-IMP fire
'You, light the fire.'[7]
asa ma(a)
why
k-ameč’-i
AN-grab-INF
k’om-nk
AUX.NEG-CER.M
{asa ma(a)} k-ameč’-i k’om-nk
why AN-grab-INF AUX.NEG-CER.M
'Why won't you grab?'[7]
kar
something
k-ʔaj-Ø
AN-give-IMP
o(n)
INFR
a(a)
for
t’a-Ø
eat-INF
kar k-ʔaj-Ø o(n) a(a) t’a-Ø
something AN-give-IMP INFR for eat-INF
'Give me something to eat.'[7]
See also
References
- ^ Adelaar & Muysken 2004, p. 41.
- ^ Adelaar & Muysken 2004, p. 555.
- ^ Adelaar & Muysken 2004, p. 554.
- ^ Adelaar & Muysken 2004, p. 556.
- ^ Spegazzini 2019, p. 113.
- ^ a b c Spegazzini 2019, pp. 115.
- ^ a b c d e Spegazzini 2019, pp. 116.
Bibliography
- Adelaar, Willen F. H.; Muysken, Pieter (2004). The languages of the Andes. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-36275-7.
- Furlong, Charles Wellington (December 1915). "The Haush and Ona, Primitive Tribes of Tierra del Fuego". Proceedings of the Nineteenth International Congress of Americanists: 432–444. Retrieved 2009-08-16.
- Spegazzini, Carlo Lugi (2019). "Un manuscrito de Carlos Spegazzini con datos inéditos sobre la lengua haush" [A Manuscript by Carlos Spegazzini with Unpublished Data on the Haush Language]. Indiana - Estudios Antropológicos Sobre América Latina y el Caribe (in Spanish). 36 (2): 101–128. doi:10.18441/ind.v36i2.101-128.
