List of college football games played outside the United States
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In the United States, college football has been played since the 1869 season when Princeton and Rutgers played the first game. In the early years of the game, Harvard University and McGill University developed a rivalry that is credited with the establishment of modern American football.[1][2][3] The first game played outside the United States occurred on October 23, 1874, when the Crimson defeated McGill 3–0 at Montreal, Quebec.[1][3] Several other games were played during the early years of the game in Canada until the differences between American and Canadian football became significant enough that Canadian and American universities ceased playing one-another.[3] In addition to the early Canadian games, several teams competed in the Bacardi Bowl at Havana, Cuba until it was discontinued after the 1946 edition of the game.[4]
Although not common, National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) rules allow for member institutions to compete in regular season games scheduled in foreign countries no more than once every four years.[5] The first of these games occurred in 1976 when Grambling State defeated Morgan State in the Pioneer Bowl at Korakuen Stadium in Tokyo.[6] After that initial game, a regular season game called the Mirage Bowl (later called the Coca-Cola Classic) was played in Tokyo from 1977 to 1993.[7] Since 1977, regular season games have also been played in Australia, Bermuda, Germany, Ireland, Italy, and the United Kingdom.[7]
In April 2006, the NCAA announced Toronto was awarded a postseason bowl game to be played at Rogers Centre.[8] The International Bowl was the first bowl game played outside the United States since the Bacardi Bowl in 1937.[4] However, the game was discontinued after its 2010 edition.[9] Two international games were played as part of the 2014 NCAA Division I FBS football season. Penn State and UCF played their season opener in the Croke Park Classic at Dublin, and the Bahamas Bowl had its inaugural edition at Thomas Robinson Stadium in Nassau in December 2014 and its second edition on December 24, 2015.[10][11] The Bahamas Bowl has continued as part of the bowl schedule ever since. Two regular-season games were scheduled for 2016: the first game of the season, with California and Hawaiʻi playing at ANZ Stadium in Sydney, and a return to Dublin's Aviva Stadium, this time with Boston College playing Georgia Tech.
In addition to those played, several international games have been proposed from time-to-time that were never actually played. In 1989, USC and Illinois were scheduled to open their season in the Glasnost Bowl at Dynamo Stadium in Moscow.[12] However, the game was canceled and moved to the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum due to the logistics of undertaking a college football game in the Soviet Union.[12] In 1996, the Haka Bowl was scheduled for play at Auckland, New Zealand, but its certification was subsequently revoked by the NCAA due to financing concerns.[13] In 2013, bowl games were proposed for both Dublin, Ireland and Dubai, United Arab Emirates, but neither was certified by the NCAA for play.[14] In both 2020 and 2021, the Emerald Isle Classic played at Dublin, Ireland was canceled due to the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic.[15][16] The Ireland event returned for 2022, with a new sponsored name of Aer Lingus College Football Classic.
Games
This sports-related list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items. (August 2024) |
Division I
Date | Season[A 2] | Score | Winning team[A 3] | Winning conference | Losing team[A 3] | Losing conference | Stadium | City | Country | Attendance[19] | Notes/References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
October 23, 1874 | 1874 | 3–0 | Harvard | Independent | McGill | Independent | Montreal Cricket Grounds | Montreal | Canada | 2,000 | [20] |
October 23, 1875 | 1875 | 1–0 | Harvard | Independent | Montreal FBC | Independent | Montreal Cricket Grounds | Montreal | Canada | [21] | |
October 30, 1876 | 1876 | 1–0 | Harvard | Independent | McGill | Independent | Montreal Cricket Grounds | Montreal | Canada | [20] | |
October 26, 1877 | 1877 | 1–0 | Harvard | Independent | McGill | Independent | Montreal Cricket Grounds | Montreal | Canada | [20] | |
November 1, 1879 | 1879 | 1–0 | Harvard | Independent | Britannias FBC | Independent | Montreal | Canada | [22] | ||
November 3, 1879 | 1879 | 0–0 | Harvard | Independent | McGill | Independent | Montreal Cricket Grounds | Montreal | Canada | [20] | |
November 1, 1880 | 1880 | 2–1 | Harvard | Independent | Ottawa FBC | Independent | Ottawa | Canada | [23] | ||
November 2, 1880 | 1880 | 0–0 | Harvard | Independent | Montreal FBC | Independent | Montreal Cricket Grounds | Montreal | Canada | [21] | |
November 6, 1880 | 1880 | 13–6 | Michigan | Independent | Toronto | Independent | Toronto Lacrosse Club | Toronto | Canada | [24] | |
October 29, 1881 | 1881 | 0–0 | Harvard | Independent | Britannias FBC | Independent | Montreal | Canada | [22] | ||
November 7, 1885 | 1885 | 8–2 | Michigan | Independent | Windsor | Independent | Windsor | Canada | Was played under Canadian rules[25] | ||
November 5, 1898 | 1898 | 10–5 | Vermont | Independent | Ogdensburg A.A. | Independent | M.A.A.C. Grounds | Montreal | Canada | [26] | |
December 25, 1907 | 1907 | 56–0 | LSU | SIAA | Havana | Independent | Almandares Park | Havana | Cuba | 10,000 | Was played as the Bacardi Bowl[7] |
January 1, 1910 | 1909 | 11–0 | Cuban Athletic Club | Independent | Tulane | Independent | Almandares Park | Havana | Cuba | Was played as the Bacardi Bowl[27] | |
January 1, 1912 | 1911 | 12–0 | Mississippi A&M | SIAA | Cuban Athletic Club | Independent | Almandares Park | Havana | Cuba | Was played as the Bacardi Bowl | |
October 28, 1912 | 1912 | 49–1 | Carlisle | Independent | Toronto | None | Toronto | Canada | Was played as exhibition with the first half played under American and the second half under Canadian rules[28] | ||
November 2, 1912 | 1912 | 12–0 | Assumption | Independent | Michigan State Normal | Independent | Windsor | Canada | [29] | ||
December 25, 1912 | 1912 | 28–0 | Florida | SIAA | Vedado Tennis Club | Independent | Almandares Park | Havana | Cuba | 1,500 | Was played as the Bacardi Bowl[30] |
October 9, 1915 | 1915 | 33–0 | Michigan State Normal | Independent | Assumption | Independent | Windsor | Canada | [29] | ||
October 17, 1917 | 1917 | 28–0 | Michigan State Normal | Independent | Assumption | Independent | Windsor | Canada | [29] | ||
October 9, 1920 | 1920 | 27–13 | Michigan State Normal | MIAA | Assumption | Independent | Windsor | Canada | [29] | ||
November 5, 1921 | 1921 | 13–0 | Syracuse | Independent | McGill | Independent | Percival Molson Memorial Stadium | Montreal | Canada | [31] | |
December 31, 1921 | 1921 | 14–0 | Cuban Athletic Club | Independent | Ole Miss | SIAA | Almandares Park | Havana | Cuba | Was played as the Bacardi Bowl | |
October 7, 1922 | 1922 | 13–0 | Michigan State Normal | MIAA | Assumption | Independent | Windsor | Canada | [29] | ||
October 15, 1927 | 1927 | 26–7 | Michigan State Normal | MCC | Assumption | Independent | Windsor | Canada | [29] | ||
November 28, 1927 | 1927 | 20–6 | Howard (AL) | SIAA | Universidad Nacional | Independent | Vedado Tennis Club | Havana | Cuba | [32][33] | |
November 20, 1929 | 1929 | 28–0 | Mississippi College | SIAA | UNAM | Independent | Estadio Val Buena | Mexico City | Mexico | 75,000 | [34] |
January 1, 1937 | 1936 | 7–7 | Auburn | SEC | Villanova | Independent | La Tropical Stadium | Havana | Cuba | Was played as the Bacardi Bowl[35] | |
October 28, 1944 | 1944 | 7–6 | Idaho Southern Branch | Independent | Edmonton AAB | Independent | Clarke Stadium | Edmonton | Canada | 5,500 | Was played as exhibition against a squad of U.S. military servicemen called the Alaska Clippers[36][37] |
October 5, 1945 | 1945 | 27–0 | Winnipeg Blue Bombers | CFL | North Dakota State | NCC | Osborne Stadium | Winnipeg | Canada | [38] | |
November 6, 1946 | 1946 | 12–0 | Nevada | Independent | Edmonton AAB | Independent | Clarke Stadium | Edmonton | Canada | 1,500 | Was played as exhibition against a squad of U.S. military servicemen called the Alaska Clippers[39] |
December 7, 1946 | 1946 | 55–0 | Mississippi Southern | Independent | Havana | Independent | La Tropical Stadium | Havana | Cuba | Was played as the Bacardi Bowl | |
October 23, 1948 | 1948 | 28–6 | North Dakota State | NCC | Manitoba | Independent | Winnipeg | Canada | [40] | ||
September 19, 1954 | 1954 | 31–26 | Tampa | Independent | National Polytechnic Institute | Independent | Estadio Olímpico Universitario | Mexico City | Mexico | 18,000 | [41] |
October 1, 1954 | 1954 | 19–6 | Eastern New Mexico | Independent | Notre Dame (Canada) | Independent | Taylor Field | Regina | Canada | 4,000 | Was the first night game played at Taylor Field and was played under American rules[42] |
October 21, 1961 | 1961 | 60–8 | McNeese State | Gulf States Conference | National Polytechnic Institute | Independent | Estadio Olímpico Universitario | Mexico City | Mexico | 30,000 | [43] |
November 29, 1969 | 1969 | 49–6 | Trinity (TX) | Southland Conference | UNAM | Independent | Estadio Olímpico Universitario | Mexico City | Mexico | [44] | |
June 1, 1976 | 1976 | 17–8 | Texas A&I | Lone Star Conference | Henderson State | Olympiastadion | West Berlin | West Germany | 9,000 | Was the first college football game in Europe[45][46][47] | |
June 5, 1976 | 1976 | 21–7 | Texas A&I | Lone Star Conference | Henderson State | Prater Stadium | Vienna | Austria | 18,000 | [48] | |
June 12, 1976 | 1976 | 20–6 | Texas A&I | Lone Star Conference | Henderson State | Mannheim | West Germany | "mostly U.S. military personnel in the stands"[49][50] | |||
June 1976 | 1976 | 17–5 | Texas A&I | Lone Star Conference | Henderson State | Nuremberg | West Germany | "mostly U.S. military personnel in the stands"[49][51] | |||
June 1976 | 1976 | 21–13 | Texas A&I | Lone Star Conference | Henderson State | Stade Colombes | Paris | France | 25,000 | [52] | |
September 24, 1976 | 1976 | 42–16 | Grambling State | SWAC | Morgan State | MEAC | Korakuen Stadium | Tokyo | Japan | 50,000 | Was played as the Pioneer Bowl [53] |
December 11, 1977 | 1977 | 35–32 | Grambling State | SWAC | Temple | Independent | Korakuen Stadium | Tokyo | Japan | 50,000 | Was played as the Mirage Bowl[7][54] |
September 3, 1978 | 1978 | 10–0 | Utah State | PCAA | Idaho State | RMAC | Hankyu Nishinomiya Stadium | Nishinomiya | Japan | 15,000 | Was the first college football season-opener played in Japan[7][55] |
December 2, 1978 | 1978 | 28–24 | BYU | WAC | UNLV | Independent | Yokohama Stadium | Yokohama | Japan | 27,500 | Was played as the Yokohama Bowl[7][56][57] |
December 10, 1978 | 1978 | 28–24 | Temple | Independent | Boston College | Independent | Korakuen Stadium | Tokyo | Japan | 55,000 | Was played as the Mirage Bowl[7] |
November 24, 1979 | 1979 | 40–15 | Notre Dame | Independent | Miami (FL) | Independent | Korakuen Stadium | Tokyo | Japan | 62,574 | Was played as the Mirage Bowl[7] |
November 30, 1980 | 1980 | 34–3 | UCLA | Pac-10 | Oregon State | Pac-10 | National Olympic Stadium | Tokyo | Japan | 86,000 | Was played as the Mirage Bowl[7][58] |
November 28, 1981 | 1981 | 21–16 | Air Force | WAC | San Diego State | WAC | National Olympic Stadium | Tokyo | Japan | 80,000 | Was played as the Mirage Bowl[7] |
November 27, 1982 | 1982 | 21–17 | Clemson | ACC | Wake Forest | ACC | National Olympic Stadium | Tokyo | Japan | 64,700 | Was played as the Mirage Bowl[7][59] |
November 26, 1983 | 1983 | 34–12 | SMU | Southwest | Houston | Southwest Conference | National Olympic Stadium | Tokyo | Japan | 70,000 | Was played as the Mirage Bowl[7][60] |
November 17, 1984 | 1984 | 45–31 | Army | Independent | Montana | Big Sky | National Olympic Stadium | Tokyo | Japan | 60,000 | Was played as the Mirage Bowl[7][61] |
November 30, 1985 | 1985 | 20–6 | USC | Pac-10 | Oregon | Pac-10 | National Olympic Stadium | Tokyo | Japan | 65,000 | Was played as the Mirage Bowl[7][62] |
December 6, 1985 | 1985 | 24–21 | Wyoming | WAC | UTEP | WAC | VFL Park | Melbourne | Australia | 19,107 | Was played as the Australia Bowl[7][63] |
November 30, 1986 | 1986 | 29–24 | Stanford | Pac-10 | Arizona | Pac-10 | National Olympic Stadium | Tokyo | Japan | 55,000 | Was played as the Coca-Cola Classic[7][64] |
November 28, 1987 | 1987 | 17–17 | California | Pac-10 | Washington State | Pac-10 | National Olympic Stadium | Tokyo | Japan | 45,000 | Was played as the Coca-Cola Classic[7][65] |
December 4, 1987 | 1987 | 30–26 | BYU | WAC | Colorado State | WAC | Princes Park | Melbourne | Australia | 7,652 | Was played as the Melbourne Bowl[66] |
October 16, 1988 | 1988 | 20–17 | Richmond | Colonial | Boston University | Yankee | Crystal Palace National Sports Centre | London | United Kingdom | 2,500 | [7][67] |
November 19, 1988 | 1988 | 38–24 | Boston College | Independent | Army | Independent | Lansdowne Road | Dublin | Ireland | 42,525 | Was played as the Emerald Isle Classic and was also the first major college football game played in Europe[7][68] |
December 3, 1988 | 1988 | 45–42 | Oklahoma State | Big Eight | Texas Tech | Southwest | Tokyo Dome | Tokyo | Japan | 56,000 | Was played as the Coca-Cola Classic[7][69] |
October 28, 1989 | 1989 | 28–25 | Villanova | Yankee | Rhode Island | Yankee | Arena Civica | Milan | Italy | 5,000 | Was played as the Milano Kickoff Classic and was the first college football game played in Italy[70][71] |
December 2, 1989 | 1989 | 46–29 | Pittsburgh | Independent | Rutgers | Independent | Lansdowne Road | Dublin | Ireland | 19,800 | Was played as the Emerald Isle Classic[7][72] |
December 4, 1989 | 1989 | 24–13 | Syracuse | Independent | Louisville | Independent | Tokyo Dome | Tokyo | Japan | 50,000 | Was played as the Coca-Cola Classic[7] |
December 2, 1990 | 1990 | 62–45 | Houston | Southwest | Arizona State | Pac-10 | Tokyo Dome | Tokyo | Japan | 50,000 | Was played as the Coca-Cola Classic[7] |
May 31, 1991 | 1991 | 20–7 | Pacific Lutheran | Evangel | Workers' Stadium | Beijing | China | 25,000 | [73] | ||
November 16, 1991 | 1991 | 24–19 | Holy Cross | Patriot | Fordham | Patriot | Gaelic Grounds | Limerick | Ireland | 17,411 | Was played as the Wild Geese Classic and was the first non-Gaelic game played at Limerick[7][74] |
November 30, 1991 | 1991 | 33–21 | Clemson | ACC | Duke | ACC | Tokyo Dome | Tokyo | Japan | 50,000 | Was played as the Coca-Cola Classic[7] |
September 19, 1992 | 1992 | 7–7 | Heidelberg | OAC | Otterbein | OAC | Stadion am Bieberer Berg | Offenbach am Main | Germany | 4,351 | Was played as the Rhine River Cup, and was the first college football game played in reunified Germany[7][75][76] |
November 29, 1992 | 1992 | 7–6 | Bowdoin | NESCAC | Tufts | NESCAC | Pearse Stadium | Galway | Ireland | 2,500 | Was played as the Christopher Columbus Classic[7][77] |
December 6, 1992 | 1992 | 38–24 | Nebraska | Big Eight | Kansas State | Big Eight | Tokyo Dome | Tokyo | Japan | 50,000 | Was played as the Coca-Cola Classic[7] |
November 20, 1993 | 1993 | 17–14 | Georgetown | MAAC | Washington and Lee | ODAC | Bermuda National Stadium | Hamilton | Bermuda | 3,218 | Was played as the Bermuda Bowl[7][78] |
December 5, 1993 | 1993 | 41–20 | Wisconsin | Big Ten | Michigan State | Big Ten | Tokyo Dome | Tokyo | Japan | 51,500 | Was played as the Coca-Cola Classic[7] |
November 19, 1994 | 1994 | 28–14 | Davidson | Independent | Sewanee | SCAC | Bermuda National Stadium | Hamilton | Bermuda | 2,000 | Was played as the Bermuda Bowl[7][79] |
October 28, 1995 | 1995 | 17–10 | Fordham | Patriot | Holy Cross | Patriot | Bermuda National Stadium | Hamilton | Bermuda | 2,436 | Was played as the Bermuda Bowl[7] |
November 2, 1996 | 1996 | 54–27 | Notre Dame | Independent | Navy | Independent | Croke Park | Dublin | Ireland | 38,651 | Was played as the Shamrock Classic[7][80] |
January 6, 2007 | 2006 | 27–24 | Cincinnati | Big East | Western Michigan | MAC | Rogers Centre | Toronto | Canada | 26,717 | Was played as the 2007 International Bowl[81] |
January 5, 2008 | 2007 | 52–30 | Rutgers | Big East | Ball State | MAC | Rogers Centre | Toronto | Canada | 31,455 | Was played as the 2008 International Bowl[81] |
January 3, 2009 | 2008 | 38–20 | Connecticut | Big East | Buffalo | MAC | Rogers Centre | Toronto | Canada | 40,184 | Was played as the 2009 International Bowl[81] |
January 2, 2010 | 2009 | 27–3 | South Florida | Big East | Northern Illinois | MAC | Rogers Centre | Toronto | Canada | 22,185 | Was played as the 2010 International Bowl[81] |
May 21, 2011 | 2010 | 17–7 | Drake | Pioneer | CONADEIP Stars | ONEFA | Sheikh Amri Abeid Memorial Stadium | Arusha | Tanzania | 11,781 | Was played as the 2011 Kilimanjaro Bowl and was the first time an American football team played in Africa[82] |
August 31, 2012 | 2012 | 40–3 | John Carroll | OAC | St. Norbert | Midwest | Donnybrook Stadium | Dublin | Ireland | [83] | |
September 1, 2012 | 2012 | 50–10 | Notre Dame | Independent | Navy | Independent | Aviva Stadium | Dublin | Ireland | 48,820 | Was played as the Emerald Isle Classic.[84] |
September 13, 2014 | 2014 | 30–16 | Texas Southern | SAC | Central State | SIAC | Thomas Robinson Stadium | Nassau | Bahamas | 7,802 | Was played as the HBCUX Classic |
August 30, 2014 | 2014 | 26–24 | Penn State | Big Ten | UCF | The American | Croke Park | Dublin | Ireland | 55,000 | Was played as the Croke Park Classic.[85] |
December 24, 2014 | 2014 | 49–48 | Western Kentucky | C-USA | Central Michigan | MAC | Thomas Robinson Stadium | Nassau | Bahamas | 13,667 | Was played as the 2014 Bahamas Bowl[86] |
March 21, 2015 | 2015 | 36–7 | Princeton | Ivy | Kwansei Gakuin | KCAFL | KINCHO Stadium | Osaka | Japan | N/A | Was played as the Legacy Bowl, a memorial exhibition game celebrating the 125th anniversary of Kwansei Gakuin University's founding.[87] |
December 24, 2015 | 2015 | 45–31 | Western Michigan | MAC | Middle Tennessee | C-USA | Thomas Robinson Stadium | Nassau | Bahamas | 13,123 | Was played as the 2015 Bahamas Bowl[88] |
August 27, 2016 | 2016 | 51–31 | California | Pac-12 | Hawaiʻi | Mountain West | ANZ Stadium | Sydney | Australia | 61,247 | Played as the Sydney College Football Cup.[89][90] |
September 3, 2016 | 2016 | 17–14 | Georgia Tech | ACC | Boston College | ACC | Aviva Stadium | Dublin | Ireland | 40,562 | Played as the Aer Lingus College Football Classic.[91] |
December 23, 2016 | 2016 | 24–20 | Old Dominion | C-USA | Eastern Michigan | MAC | Thomas Robinson Stadium | Nassau | Bahamas | 13,422 | Played as the 2016 Bahamas Bowl.[92] |
August 26, 2017 | 2017 | 62–7 | Stanford | Pac-12 | Rice | C-USA | Allianz Stadium | Sydney | Australia | 33,181 | Played as the Sydney College Football Cup[93][94] |
December 22, 2017 | 2017 | 41–6 | Ohio | MAC | UAB | C-USA | Thomas Robinson Stadium | Nassau | Bahamas | 13,585 | Played as the 2017 Bahamas Bowl.[95] |
December 21, 2018 | 2018 | 35–32 | FIU | C-USA | Toledo | MAC | Thomas Robinson Stadium | Nassau | Bahamas | 13,510 | Played as the 2018 Bahamas Bowl.[96] |
March 9, 2019 | 2019 | 85–0 | Penn | Ivy | China All Stars | None | Shanghai Lixin University of Commerce Stadium | Shanghai | China | 3,200 | Played as Penn-China Global Ambassadors Bowl.[97] |
December 20, 2019 | 2019 | 31–9 | Buffalo | MAC | Charlotte | C-USA | Thomas Robinson Stadium | Nassau | Bahamas | 13,547 | Played as the 2019 Bahamas Bowl.[98] |
December 17, 2021 | 2021 | 31–24 | Middle Tennessee | C-USA | Toledo | MAC | Thomas Robinson Stadium | Nassau | Bahamas | 13,596 | Played as the 2021 Bahamas Bowl.[99] |
August 27, 2022 | 2022 | 31–28 | Northwestern | Big Ten | Nebraska | Big Ten | Aviva Stadium | Dublin | Ireland | 42,699 | Played as the Aer Lingus College Football Classic.[100] |
December 16, 2022 | 2022 | 24–20 | UAB | C-USA | Miami (OH) | MAC | Thomas Robinson Stadium | Nassau | Bahamas | 12,172 | Played as the 2022 Bahamas Bowl.[101] |
See also
- List of Major League Baseball games played outside the United States and Canada
- List of National Football League games played outside the United States
Notes
- ^ This listing does not include games played at Simon Fraser University in Burnaby, Canada. The Red Leafs (formerly Clan) competed as NAIA members from 1965 to 2001 and also in 2010,[17] and since 2011 have competed as the lone international member of the NCAA.[18]
- ^ Links to the overall college football season article. In the case of games involving teams from different NCAA divisions, the season article linked to is that of the higher division represented by said teams.
- ^ a b Links to the season article for the opponent when available or to their general page when unavailable.
References
- General
- National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). "Bowl/All-Star Game Records" (PDF). 2017 NCAA Division I Football Records. NCAA.org. Retrieved November 4, 2018.
- Specific
- ^ a b McLean, Dan (November 27, 1970). "Montreal Cup float recalls how McGill started grid mania". The Gazette. p. 16. Retrieved October 24, 2013.
- ^ MacDonald, D.A.L. (December 22, 1933). "McGill and Harvard have been rivals for 59 years". The Gazette. p. 13. Retrieved October 24, 2013.
- ^ a b c "Early football". The Evening News. November 13, 1915. p. 4. Retrieved October 24, 2013.
- ^ a b "International Bowl results". CBSSports.com. Retrieved October 24, 2013.
- ^ National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). "17.9.5.1.1 In season foreign competition" (PDF). 2009–10 NCAA Division I Manual. NCAA.org. pp. 240–241. Retrieved October 24, 2013.
- ^ "Grambling is winner". Youngstown Vindicator. Associated Press. September 25, 1976. p. 11. Retrieved October 24, 2013.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag Bowl/All-Star Game Records, pp. 178–179
- ^ "Birmingham among 31 approved by NCAA for 2006". The Gadsden Times. Associated Press. April 28, 2006. p. D6. Retrieved October 24, 2013.
- ^ "International Bowl canceled". ESPN.com. Associated Press. March 25, 2010. Retrieved October 24, 2013.
- ^ Moyer, Josh (July 24, 2013). "Penn St.–UCF set for Ireland opener". ESPN.com. Retrieved October 24, 2013.
- ^ "College football is Bahamas bound for bowl game". USA Today. USAToday.com. Associated Press. October 14, 2013. Retrieved October 24, 2013.
- ^ a b "Glasnost Bowl is nyet for Moscow". Orlando Sentinel. OrlandoSentinel.com. June 9, 1989. Retrieved October 24, 2013.
- ^ Curtis, Jake (October 17, 1996). "NCAA pulls the plug on Haka Bowl". San Francisco Chronicle. SFGate.com. Retrieved October 24, 2013.
- ^ McMurphy, Brett (June 12, 2013). "'Group of Five' look to add bowls". ESPN.com. Retrieved October 24, 2013.
- ^ Dinich, Heather (June 2, 2020). "Notre Dame-Navy football game moving from Ireland to Maryland". ESPN.com. Retrieved September 10, 2021.
- ^ Ryan, Shannon (February 17, 2021). "Illinois' 2021 football opener vs. Nebraska is moved from Ireland to Champaign". The Chicago Tribune. Retrieved September 10, 2021.
- ^ "Simon Fraser Clan Historical Data". College Football Data Warehouse. Retrieved December 1, 2013.
- ^ Tsumura, Howard (September 11, 2012). "Simon Fraser charts a new course". NCAA.org. Retrieved October 24, 2013.
- ^ Bowl/All-Star Game Records, pp. 32–38
- ^ a b c d DeLassus, David. "Harvard vs McGill (Canada)". College Football Data Warehouse. Retrieved October 24, 2013.
- ^ a b DeLassus, David. "Harvard vs Montreal FBC (Canada)". College Football Data Warehouse. Retrieved October 24, 2013.
- ^ a b DeLassus, David. "Harvard vs Britannias FBC (Canada)". College Football Data Warehouse. Retrieved October 24, 2013.
- ^ DeLassus, David. "Harvard vs Ottawa FBC (Canada)". College Football Data Warehouse. Retrieved October 24, 2013.
- ^ DeLassus, David. "Michigan vs Toronto (Canada)". College Football Data Warehouse. Retrieved October 24, 2013.
- ^ "A Victory". The Michigan Argonaut, Volumes 3–4. 1885. pp. 53–54. Retrieved October 24, 2013.
- ^ "Victorious, Vermont defeats Ogdensburg at foot ball by a score of 10 to 5". The Burlington Free Press & Times. November 7, 1898. Retrieved September 6, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Cubans win at football". The Washington Post. January 2, 1910. p. 1. Retrieved November 4, 2018 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Thorpe shows the Canadians some football". The Pittsburgh The Gazette Times. October 29, 1912. p. 10. Retrieved October 24, 2013.
- ^ a b c d e f DeLassus, David. "Eastern Michigan vs Assumption College (Canada)". College Football Data Warehouse. Retrieved October 24, 2013.
- ^ "Florida beat Cuban football team at Havana on Christmas". The Tampa Times. December 28, 1912. p. 9. Retrieved November 4, 2018 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Syracuse plays Montreal". The Lewiston Daily Sun. November 5, 1921. p. 6. Retrieved October 24, 2013.
- ^ "Havana is seeking players for game". The Birmingham News. November 27, 1927. Retrieved March 28, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Howard beats Havana eleven by 20-to-6 score". The Birmingham News. November 29, 1927. Retrieved March 28, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Choctaws win 28–0 before 75,000 in Mexico City". The Clarion-Ledger. November 21, 1929. Retrieved August 28, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Bowl/All-Star Game Records, p. 12
- ^ "Idaho wins 7–6 over Clippers". The Calgary Herald. October 30, 1944. p. 12. Retrieved October 24, 2013.
- ^ DeLassus, David. "Idaho State vs Edmonton AAB (Canada)". College Football Data Warehouse. Retrieved October 24, 2013.
- ^ "Bison beaten by Canadian eleven". Minneapolis Sunday Tribune. October 6, 1945. Retrieved October 9, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Clippers bow to Nevada club on Edmonton grid". The Calgary Herald. November 7, 1946. p. 10. Retrieved October 24, 2013.
- ^ "Bisons still seeking victory number one". The Winnipeg Tribune. October 25, 1948. Retrieved October 9, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Tampa whips Mexico City 31 to 26". The Tampa Tribune. September 20, 1954. Retrieved September 9, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Fedoruk, Ernie (October 2, 1954). "Holcomb sparks ENMU to 19–6 grid victory". The Leader-Post. p. 21. Retrieved October 24, 2013.
- ^ "McNeese tramples out 60–8 shellacking over Mexico Tech". Lake Charles American-Press. October 22, 1961. Retrieved February 27, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Trinity romps in finale, 49–6". San Antonio Express and News. November 30, 1969. Retrieved February 24, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ "Javalinas History". javelinaathletics.com. Retrieved August 1, 2015.
- ^ "Unbeaten in Europe". The Victoria Advocaten. June 13, 1976. p. 16. Retrieved August 1, 2015.
- ^ Schlüter (16 February 2021). "1976: Die dritte Chance". football-aktuell.de (in German). Retrieved 2022-10-23.
- ^ "Two U.S. football teams play game in Austria". The Tuscaloosa News. June 6, 1976. Retrieved August 1, 2015.
- ^ a b "Homecoming Reunion Rekindles Memories Of 1976 European Tour". javelinaathletics.com. October 20, 2006.
- ^ "Unbeaten in Europe". The Victoria Advocate. June 13, 1976. Retrieved August 1, 2015.
- ^ "Javs impressed with trip". The Brownsville Herald. newspapers.com. June 24, 1976. Retrieved August 26, 2015.
- ^ "Demi-Tough". Texas Monthly. December 1976. Retrieved August 1, 2015.
- ^ "Coaches see football in Japan". The Baltimore Afro-American. October 5, 1976. p. 16. Retrieved October 24, 2013.
- ^ "Williams, Grambling pull out a thriller at Tokyo". St. Petersburg Times. Associated Press. December 12, 1977. p. 11C. Retrieved October 24, 2013.
- ^ "Aggies off to 1–0 start". Deseret News. September 4, 1978. p. 2B. Retrieved October 24, 2013.
- ^ "Brigham Young 28, Las Vegas 24". Daytona Beach Morning Journal. Associated Press. December 3, 1978. p. 3C. Retrieved October 24, 2013.
- ^ Call, Jeff (June 22, 2013). "BYU football: Scheduling international games intrigues athletic director Tom Holmoe". Deseret News. Retrieved October 24, 2013.
- ^ Hoffer, Richard (December 1, 1980). "40,000 dutiful fans stayed and cheered for the Beavers". Eugene Register-Guard. p. B1. Retrieved October 24, 2013.
- ^ "Clemson escapes Tokyo with ACC title". The Spartanburg Herald-Journal. November 28, 1982. p. B1. Retrieved October 24, 2013.
- ^ "Mustangs trample Cougars". The News and Courier. November 28, 1983. p. 5B. Retrieved October 24, 2013.
- ^ Lammers, David (November 17, 1984). "Army rips Montana in Mirage Bowl matchup". Spokane Chronicle. p. 12. Retrieved October 24, 2013.
- ^ Conrad, John (December 1, 1985). "One crucial Duck loss quickly led to another". Eugene Register-Guard. p. C1. Retrieved October 24, 2013.
- ^ "Aussie Bowl lacks crowd". The Hour. November 9, 1985. p. 26. Retrieved October 24, 2013.
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- 1902 Rose Bowl
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- Kansas vs. Missouri (1911)
- Cumberland vs. Georgia Tech (1916)
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- Alabama vs. Penn (1922)
- Michigan vs. Vanderbilt (1922)
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- 1926 Rose Bowl
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- Waynesburg vs. Fordham (1939)
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- Oklahoma City vs. Youngstown (1941)
- Army vs. Notre Dame (1946)
- 1952 Rose Bowl
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- Notre Dame vs. Michigan State (1966)
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- Yale vs. Harvard (1968)
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- Nebraska vs. Penn State (1982)
- Stanford vs. California (1982)
- 1982 Independence Bowl
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- Hail Flutie (1984)
- 1987 Fiesta Bowl
- Auburn vs. LSU (1988)
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- Colorado vs. Missouri (1990)
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- Alabama vs. Florida (1992)
- 1995 Las Vegas Bowl
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- Cumberland vs. Jacksonville State (2001)
- Arkansas vs. Ole Miss (2001)
- 2001 GMAC Bowl
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- LSU vs. Kentucky (2002)
- Arkansas vs. Kentucky (2003)
- 2005 Fiesta Bowl
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- 2007 Fiesta Bowl
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- Trinity vs. Millsaps (2007)
- Navy vs. Notre Dame (2007)
- Navy vs. North Texas (2007)
- Texas vs. Texas Tech (2008)
- Alabama vs. Florida (2009)
- 2010 Fiesta Bowl
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- LSU vs. Alabama (2011)
- Georgia vs. Auburn (2013)
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- Florida State vs. Georgia Tech (2015)
- 2015 Armed Forces Bowl
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- LSU vs. Texas A&M (2018)
- LSU vs. Alabama (2019)
- Illinois vs. Penn State (2021)
- Houston vs. SMU (2022)
- Georgia Tech vs. Miami (2023)
- The First Game
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- Games outside the U.S.
Category
Commons