List of dictionaries by number of words
This is a list of dictionaries considered authoritative or complete by approximate number of total words, or headwords, included. Figures do not take account of entries with senses for different word classes (such as noun and adjective) and homographs. Although it is possible to count the number of entries in a dictionary, it is not possible to count the number of words in a language.[1][2] In compiling a dictionary, a lexicographer decides whether the evidence of use is sufficient to justify an entry in the dictionary. This decision is not the same as determining whether the word exists.[citation needed]
The green background means a given dictionary is the largest in a given language.
Language | Approx. no. of headwords | Approx. no. of definitions | Dictionary | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tamil | 1,516,952 | 1516952 | Sorkuvai | An online open dictionary run by the Tamil Nadu government.[3][citation needed] | |
Korean | 1,149,538 | 1149538 | Urimalsaem | Online open dictionary run by South Korean government, including North Korean dialects(66,172 words).[4] | |
Portuguese | 818,000 | 818000 | Aulete Digital | Online dictionary including expressions.[5] | |
Finnish | 800,000 | 800000 | RedFox Pro | Online dictionary. The free version has over 300,000 Finnish words and the Pro version has over 800,000 Finnish words. The dictionary has agglomerated other dictionaries, such as technical ones,[6] and the largest set comes from Wordnet.[7] This dictionary essentially does not include inflections. | |
English | 755,865 | 755865 | 1,439,188 | English Wiktionary | Contains 780,489 gloss entries and 1,439,188 total definitions.[8][9] |
Swedish | 600,000 | 600000 | Svenska Akademiens ordbok, Swedish Academy | After having completed letters A through T SAOB included 470,000 words, but 600,000 words when the alphabet was completed in 2017. | |
Korean | 511,282 | 511282 | Standard Korean Language Dictionary[10] | Contains 511,282 entries. | |
Italian | 500,000 | 500000 | Grande Dizionario Hoepli Italiano[11][12] | The number of "sayable and writable" word-forms is estimated at over 2 million[13] | |
Japanese | 500,000 | 500000 | Nihon Kokugo Daijiten[14] | ||
Lithuanian | 500,000 | 500000 | Lietuvių kalbos žodynas (Academic Dictionary of Lithuanian) | 22,000 pages in 20 volumes with quotations from all kinds of writing and dialect records between 1547 and 2001. Accessible online at www.lkz.lt.[15] | |
English | 470,000 | 470000 | Webster's Third New International Dictionary and Addenda Section | Contains 470,000 entries[16] | |
Northern Kurdish | 411,864 | 411864 | Kurdish Wiktionary | Contains 411,864 entries with all conjugations of words in Northern Kurdish among a total of 1,000,051 entries, including words from other languages that are not found in Kurdish.[17][18] | |
French | 408,078 | 408078 | French Wiktionary | Contains more than 408,000 lemma, associated to more than 636,500 definitions and 1,880,500 inflections, distributed other 1,924,200 entries.[19] | |
Serbo-Croatian | 400,000 | 400000 | Rječnik hrvatskoga ili srpskoga jezika | Published from 1880 to 1976 in 97 fascicles collected into 23 volumes under the auspices of the Yugoslav Academy of Sciences and Arts, estimated at a minimum of 400,000 words by Dragica Malić.[20][21] Includes only words found in the Shtokavian dialect; words from Chakavian and Kajkavian dialects are excluded. | |
Dutch | 400,000 | 400000 | Woordenboek der Nederlandsche Taal | The 43 volumes of the WNT (including three supplements) consist of 49,255 pages, describing Dutch words from 1500 to 1976.[22] | |
Chinese | 378,103 | 378103 | Hanyu Da Cidian | The 3rd edition of the digital version contains 18,014 single-character words, 336,706 compound words, 23,383 idioms (chengyu), 504,040 definitions, and 861,956 examples.[23] | |
English | 350,000 | 350000 | The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Third Edition | In the introduction to the 4th and 5th editions, it is mentioned that more than 10,000 words have been added, thus the total for the 5th edition will be more than 370,000 words.[24][failed verification] | |
Finnish | 350,000 | 350000 | Suomen murteiden sanakirja (in progress) | Suomen murteiden sanakirja (SMS) will include 350,000 words from different dialects, with well-documented definitions, based on the archives (Suomen murteiden sana-arkisto) of 400,000 words, with over 8 million definitions.[25][26] | |
Persian | 343,466 | 343466 | Dehkhoda Dictionary, 1998, ISBN 9789640396025 | The original series initially consisted of 3 million records (Persian: فیش (French: fiche) or برگه "barge") (up to 100 meanings/records for each word or proper noun) until Dehkhoda's death in March 1956, and currently contains 343,466 entries that, according to the latest digital release of the dictionary by Tehran University Press (version 3.0) are based on an ever-growing library of over 2300 volumes in lexicology and various other scientific fields.[27][28][circular reference] | |
Norwegian | 330,000 | 330000 | Norsk Ordbok | The finished dictionary has about 330,000 headwords, whereas the corpus it's built upon contains about 500,000 words in total.[29] | |
German | 330,000 | 330000 | Deutsches Wörterbuch | 330,000 words in use since the mid-fifteenth century.[30] | |
Turkish | 316,000 | 316000 | Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük[31] | Turkish dictionary (Old and Middle Turkic, Ottoman and Modern Turkish), includes 316,000 entries.[32] | |
Dutch | 300,000 | 300000 | Etymologisch woordenboek van het Nederlands[33] | ||
Norwegian | 300,000 | 300000 | Tanums store rettskrivningsordbok (10. utgave) | A dictionary of orthography.[29] | |
Ukrainian | 300,000 | 300000 | Український лексикон кінця XVIII — початку XXI ст.: словник-індекс: у 3-х томах | Лексичний словник.[34] | |
Urdu | 286,563 | 286563 | 823,743 | Rekhta Dictionary[35] | Rekhta Dictionary, an initiative of Rekhta Foundation is a multi-lingual dictionary available in three scripts, i.e. Urdu, Devanagari and Roman. |
Gujarati | 281,377 | 281377 | Bhagavadgomandal | 2.81 lakh words and their meanings in 9 volumes. Also serves as an encyclopedia with almost 8.22 lakh words.[36] | |
Romanian | 280,000 | 280000 | dexonline | Online dictionary. Project of digitisation of 67 general, specialty and archaic dictionaries. Launched in 2001. As of 2023, it contained over 280,000 unique words and 1,065,000 definitions. | |
English | 273,000 | 273000 | 600,000 | Oxford English Dictionary, Second Edition | Oxford Dictionary has 273,000 headwords; 171,476 of them being in current use, 47,156 being obsolete words and around 9,500 derivative words included as subentries. The dictionary contains 157,000 combinations and derivatives, and 169,000 phrases and combinations, making a total of over 600,000 word-forms.[37][38] There is one count that puts the English vocabulary at about 1 million words — but that count presumably includes words such as Latin species names, prefixed and suffixed words, scientific terminology, jargon, foreign words of extremely limited English use and technical acronyms.[39][40][41] |
Urdu | 264,000 | 264000 | Urdu Lughat[42][43] | ||
Ukrainian | 253,000 | 253000 | Великий орфографічний словник сучасної української лексики | A dictionary of orthography. Contains 253,000 entries (253,000 words).[44][45] | |
Czech | 250,000 | 250000 | Příruční slovník jazyka českého [cs] | Nine volumes of this dictionary were printed in years 1935–1957. They contain about 250,000 words, their meanings and example usage from literature. The dictionary is available online.[46][47] | |
Serbo-Croatian | 241,000 | 241000 | Dictionary of Serbo-Croatian Literary and Vernacular Language | This dictionary is incomplete. So far, 20 volumes of the planned 40 have been published. These 20 volumes contain 241.000 headwords. When complete, this Dictionary will have around 500.000 headwords.[48] | |
Portuguese | 228,000 | 228000 | 382,000 | Houaiss Dictionary of the Portuguese Language | 228,000 entries and 382,000 meanings.[49] |
Belarusian | 223,000 | 223000 | Вялікі слоўнік беларускай мовы: арфаграфія, акцэнтуацыя, парадыгматыка[50] | ||
Russian | 220,000 | 220000 | 250,000 | Толковый словарь живого великорусского языка | The 3rd edition by Baudouin de Courtenay contains about 250,000 entries (220,000 words and 30,000 proverbs)[51][52] |
Finnish | 201,000 | 201000 | Nykysuomen sanakirja, 1961 | Nykysuomen sanakirja can be translated to The Dictionary of Modern Finnish or The Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish, but the language can be quite dated; the dictionary only reflects the language as it was no later than 1961. Even though it has been published again, it has not been updated. The dictionary contains over 201,000 headwords in six volumes.[53] For modern language, The New Dictionary of Modern Finnish is more relevant. | |
German | 200,000 | 200000 | Großes Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache | Dictionary by the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities of over 200,000 contemporary words.[54] | |
Norwegian (bokmål) | 200,000 | 200000 | Det Norske Akademis ordbok | The Norwegian Academy Dictionary contains more than 200,000 entries and more than 300,000 literary quotes. Furthermore, it contains fixed expressions and pronunciation.The dictionary is free and edited daily. | |
Danish | 200,000 | 200000 | Ordbog over det danske Sprog | Dictionary maintained by the Society for Danish Language and Literature [da]. Covers Danish language use 1700–1950.[55] The society also maintains a sister dictionary, Den Danske Ordbog [da] covering language use since 1950. | |
Slovak | 200,000 | 200000 | Slovník slovenského jazyka z r. 1959 – 1968, Slovník súčasného slovenského jazyka A – G, H – L, M – N z r. 2006, 2011, 2015 | Here is the information about the number of words in Slovak written by Jazykovedný ústav Ľ. Štúra SAV. | |
Tibetan | 195,919 | 195919 | Rangjung Yeshe Dharma Dictionary | Considering the large number of Buddhist terminology, colloquial expressions and modern literary Tibetan neologisms not included in this dictionary, the actual total number is probably about twice the number of terms included on this website (195,919), perhaps 375–400,000 Tibetan words in total. [56] | |
Sanskrit | 186,000 | 186000 | Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary, 1899 (IITS Koelin) | The work of Monier Monier-Williams, who as a Boden Professor of Sanskrit at the University of Oxford. [57][58] | |
Hindi | 183,175 | 183175 | Hindi Wiktionary | A free dictionary that gives everyone the right to edit.[59] | |
Kazakh | 166,000 | 166000 | 15 томдық "Қазақ тілінің түсіндірме сөздігі" | Explanatory dictionary of the Kazakh language[60] | |
English | 155,327 | 155327 | 207,016 | WordNet, 3.1 | As of November 2012[update] WordNet's latest Online-version is 3.1. The database contains 155,327 words organized in 175,979 synsets for a total of 207,016 word-sense pairs.[61] |
Romanian | 155,000 | 155000 | DLR | Dicționarul Limbii Române | |
Belarusian | 150,000 | 150000 | Слоўнік беларускай мовы[62] | ||
Icelandic | 150,000 | 150000 | Orðabók Blöndals[63] | The dictionary contains 150,000 headwords in 17 volumes.[64] | |
Russian | 150,000 | 150000 | Большой академический словарь русского языка | Great Academy Dictionary of Russian language[65] | |
Swiss German | 150,000 | 150000 | Schweizerisches Idiotikon[66] | The dictionary contains 150,000 words from the late Middle Ages to today.[67] | |
German | 148,000 | 148000 | Duden – Die deutsche Rechtschreibung | The most influential dictionary in Germany, a dictionary of orthography.[68] | |
Polish | 140,000 | 140000 | Wielki słownik ortograficzny PWN | Big orthography dictionary PWN contains new words, proper nouns and latest spelling changes. | |
German | 141,154 | 141154 | German Wiktionary | Contains 141,154 german gloss entries[69][70] | |
French | 135,000 | 135000 | Trésor de la Langue Française informatisé | ATILF[71] (Analyse et Traitement Informatique de la Langue Française – Computer Processing and Analysis of the French Language) 135,000 (Larousse Dictionnaire de français, published by Editions Larousse)[72][73] | |
Ukrainian | 134,058 | 134058 | Словник української мови (The Dictionary of the Ukrainian language) | The dictionary was finished in late 1970s - early 1980s[74][75] | |
Dutch | 134,000 | 134000 | Woordenlijst Nederlandse Taal (Het Groene Boekje)[76] | ||
Russian | 130,000 | 130000 | Большой толковый словарь русского языка | Great Dictionary of Russian language[77] | |
Swedish | 130,000 | 130000 | Rikstermbanken[78] | Sweden's national term bank.[79] | |
Indonesian | 127,036 | 127036 | Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, 5th edition, 2016 | ||
Swedish | 126,000 | 126000 | Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)[80] | Normative Swedish language spelling dictionary, which includes only commonly used words, currently includes ~126,000 words,[81] after having added 13,500 and removed 9,000 in its latest edition, SAOL 14, plus an additional 200,000 still encountered words in earlier editions.[82][83] | |
Eastern Armenian | 125,000 | 125000 | Ժամանակակից հայոց լեզվի բացատրական բառարան | Žamanakakic' hayoc' lezvi bac'atrakan baṙaran[84] | |
Tamil | 124,405 | 124405 | University of Madras Tamil Lexicon | The dictionary includes 124,405 separate entries.[85] | |
Arabic | 120,513 | 120513 | Muʻjam al-Riyāḍ lil-lughah al-ʻArabīyah al-muʻāṣirah | Contains 145,000 meanings. | |
Malaysian | 120,000 | 120000 | Kamus Dewan Perdana, 1st Edition, 2020 | ||
Arabic[notes 1] | 120,000 | 120000 | Taj al-ʿArus Min Jawahir al-Qamus | The dictionary includes 120,000 entries filling 40 volumes, whereby one entry comprises dozens of words.[88] | |
Frisian | 120,000 | 120000 | Het Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal[89] | Dictionary of New Frisian (Nieuwfries) from 1800 to 1975[90] | |
Finland Swedish | 120,000 | 120000 | Ordbok över Finlands svenska folkmål[91] (in progress) | The dictionary includes around 120,000 headwords.[92] | |
Bulgarian | 119,200 | 119200 | Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language (monolingual academic explanatory dictionary), (Многотомен) Речник на българския език in Bulgarian, in 15+ volumes | This dictionary covers vocabulary from the last 150 years of Bulgarian and is compiled and edited by linguistics (primarily native lexicographers and lexicologists) from The Institute for the Bulgarian Language (part of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences). It includes basic, commonly used, literary, colloquial, dialectical, archaic and obsolete Bulgarian words, as well as some specialized terminology. The latest volume (15th) published in 2015 ends with headwords beginning with the (Bulgarian Cyrillic) letter Р.[93] | |
French | 116,000 | 116000 | Le Dictionnaire universel francophone (DUF)[94] | Dictionary published by Hachette[95] | |
Georgian | 112,949 | 112949 | ქართული ენის განმარტებითი ლექსიკონი (Explanatory dictionary of the Georgian language) | The electronic version of this Dictionary, consisting of 129755 records, is the joint project of Arnold Chikobava Institute of Linguistics and Language Modeling Association. The project was financed by Rustaveli Foundation.[96] | |
Belarusian | 112,462 | 112462 | Skarnik | As of August 2019[update]. Belarusian-Russian online dictionary contains 112,462 words.[97] | |
Slovene | 110,180 | 110180 | Slovar slovenskega knjižnega jezika, Second edition, 2014 | The official dictionary of modern Slovene is Slovar slovenskega knjižnega jezika (SSKJ; Standard Slovene Dictionary). It was published in five volumes by Državna Založba Slovenije between 1970 and 1991 and contains more than 100,000 entries and subentries with accentuation, part-of-speech labels, common collocations, and various qualifiers. In the 1990s, an electronic version of the dictionary was published and it is available online.[98] | |
Finnish | 102,174 | 102174 | Kielitoimiston sanakirja, 2018 | Online dictionary. Institute for the Languages of Finland (governmental institute) has selected the core vocabulary, and many headwords are not included.[99] | |
Afrikaans | 100,000 | 100000 | Handwoordeboek van die Afrikaanse Taal (HAT), 2015 | New 6th edition contains 3228 new keywords and 5365 meaning.[100] | |
French | 100,000 | 100000 | Le Grand Robert, 2019 | Contains 100,000 words and 350,000 definitions.[101] | |
German | 100,000 | 100000 | Österreichisches Wörterbuch, 2018 | Official dictionary of the German language in the Republic of Austria.[102] | |
Polish | 100,000 | 100000 | Słownik języka polskiego PWN | Polish dictionary of PWN contains about 100,000 articles and 145,000 definitions.[103] | |
Russian | 100,000 | 100000 | Орфографический словарь русского языка[104] | Normative Russian dictionary,[105] the dictionary includes around 100,000 words.[106] | |
Turkish | 98,738 | 98738 | 114767 | Güncel Türkçe Sözlük[107] | Online dictionary of the Turkish Language Association[108] Contains 64,994 words, 33,744 idioms and proverbs and 132,548 meanings. |
Turkish | 93,000 | 93000 | 100000 | Misalli Büyük Türkçe Sözlük (Kubbealtı Lugatı)[109] | Turkish dictionary that is composed of modern and Ottoman Turkish, includes 60,000 entries and 33,000 idioms with around 100,000 examples based on literary works of 840 writers. It's online version is named "Kubbealtı Lugatı".[110] |
Spanish | 93,000 | 93000 | Diccionario de la lengua española de la Real Academia Española, 23rd edition, 2014[111] | ||
Central Kurdish | 93,000 | 93000 | فەرهەنگی زانستگای کوردستان University of Kurdistan Dictionary: Kurdish-Persian, Rohani, M. (2018)[112] | The four volumes of the Kurdish-to-Persian and Persian-to-Kurdish dictionary have 93,000 vocabulary terms. Director Majid Rouhani worked for ten years to complete it.[113] | |
Spanish | 90,000 | 90000 | Diccionario de uso del español [es], 2007 | Contains 90,000 keywords and 190,000 meaning. | |
Dutch | 90,000 | 90000 | Van Dale, 14th edition, 2005 | [114] | |
Catalan | 88,500 | 88500 | 172,000 | Gran Diccionari de la llengua catalana (Great Dictionary of the Catalan language, includes the definitions in the Diccionari de la llengua catalana) | Contains 88,500 headwords and 172,000 definitions.[115] |
Chinese | 85,568 | 85568 | Zhonghua Zihai | The largest character dictionary covering all varieties of Chinese, a compilation of Chinese characters in use over three millennia of written history.[116][117][118] | |
Arabic | 83,015 | 83015 | المعجم المعاصر2019 | The first version (2019) contains approximately 83,015 entries.[119][120] | |
Scots | 80,259 | 80259 | Dictionaries of the Scots Language | An online dictionary comprising A Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue (covering the period up to 1700) and The Scottish National Dictionary (from 1700). | |
Arabic | 80,000 | 80000 | Lisan Al-Arab | The dictionary includes around 80,000 entries.[88] | |
French | 80,000 | 80000 | Dictionnaire de la langue française[121] | Four-volume dictionary[122] of the French language by Émile Littré[123] | |
Uzbek | 80,000 | 80000 | Oʻzbek tilining izohli lugʻati (Annotated Dictionary of the Uzbek Language) | The largest Uzbek language dictionary, made of five volumes and including around 80,000 entries.[124] | |
Middle Dutch | 75,000 | 75000 | Het Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek [nl][125] | Historical dictionary of Middle Dutch: 1250-1550[126] | |
Romanian | 67,000 | 67000 | Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române (Published by the Romanian Academy) | ||
Tamazight | 65,716 | 65716 | Amawal Ameqran, Abdelhafed Idres. 2017 | ||
Swedish | 65,000 | 65000 | Svensk ordbok utgiven av Svenska Akademien (Svensk ordbok, SO)[127] | The dictionary includes around 65,000 headwords.[127] | |
Punjabi | 64,263 | 64263 | Mahan Kosh | First published in 1930, the dictionary includes 64,263 entries in Gurmukhi script. It has been republished many times.[128][129][130][131] | |
Swedish | 64,000 | 64000 | Ordbok öfver svenska språket (Dalin Ordbok)[132] | The dictionary includes around 64,000 headwords.[133] | |
Arabic | 60,000 | 60000 | Al-Qamus al-Muhit wa al-Qabus al-Wasit[notes 2] | The dictionary includes around 60,000 entries.[134] | |
Dutch | 60,000 | 60000 | Groot Woordenboek Afrikaans en Nederlands[135] | Dutch-Afrikaans dictionary[136] | |
Turkish | 60,000 | 60000 | Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat[137] | Ottoman Turkish dictionary, includes 60,000 entries.[138] | |
Galician | 59,999 | 59999 | Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (Dictionary of the Royal Galician Academy)[139] | ||
Western Armenian | 56,000 | 56000 | Հայոց լեզուի նոր բառարան | Hayoc' lezowi nor baṙaran[140][clarification needed] | |
Tatar | 56,000 | 56000 | Татарско-русский словарь Ш.Н. Асылгараева, Ф.А. Ганиева, М.З. Закиева, К.М. Миннуллина, Д.Б. Рамазанова | Tatar-Russian dictionary of Sh.N. Asylgaraev, F.A. Ganiev, M.Z. Zakiyev, K.M. Minnullin, D.B. Ramazanova[141] | |
French | 55,000 | 55000 | Dictionnaire de l'Académie française (DAF) | Normative French dictionary,[142] once complete, it will contain 55,000 words[143] | |
Dutch | 52,000 | 52000 | Woordenlijst Nederlandse Taal[144] | Normative Dutch dictionary,[145] the dictionary includes around 52,000 entries and around 134.000 derivative words.[146] | |
Dutch | 50,000 | 50000 | Het Groene woordenboek - Handwoordenboek Nederlands[147] | ||
Turkmen | 50,000 | 50000 | Türkmen diliniň düşündirişli sözlügi | Turkmen Explanatory Dictionary[148] | |
Lakota (Lakȟóta) | 44,000 | 44000 | New Lakota Dictionary | A bilingual Lakota-English and English-Lakota dictionary, book format (editions: 2008, 2011, 2022), mobile app version (2014), desktop version (2015). | |
Azerbaijani | 44,750 | 44750 | Azərbaycan dilinin izahlı lüğəti | Azerbaijani Explanatory Dictionary[149] | |
Syriac | 43,030 | 43030 | Sureth dictionary | Published by the Association Assyrophile de France, it features Assyrian Neo-Aramaic, Turoyo and Chaldean Neo-Aramaic words of all dialects.[150] | |
Icelandic | 43,000 | 43000 | 560,000 | Orðabók Háskólans | 43,000 basic words and 519,000 compound words of which more than half are attested only once or don't get into print ("instant combinations")[151] |
Thai | 40,840 | 40840 | พจนานุกรม ฉบับราชบัณฑิตยสถาน พ.ศ. ๒๕๕๔ | ||
Bashkir | 40,000 | 40000 | Башкирско-русский словарь Ураксин З.Г. | Bashkir-Russian dictionary Uraksin Z. G.[152] | |
Chuvash | 40,000 | 40000 | Чувашско-русский словарь Скворцова М. И. | Chuvash-Russian dictionary Skvortsova M. I.[153] | |
Dargwa | 40,000 | 40000 | Даргинско-русский словарь Юсупова Х. А. | Dargwa-Russian dictionary of Yusupov H. A[154] | |
Riksmål | 40,000 | 40000 | Riksmålsordlisten[155] | Normative dictionary of the non-official Norwegian written language called Riksmål.[156] | |
Arabic | 40,000 | 40000 | Taj al-Lugha wa Sihah al-Arabiyya[notes 3] | The dictionary includes around 40,000 entries.[134] | |
Classical Latin | 39,589 | 39589 | Oxford Latin Dictionary | Includes 39,589 Classical Latin entries, including borrowings from Greek, Gaulish, other Italic dialects, Sanskrit, and others. There are about: 10,000 adjectives, 2,123 adverbs, 46 conjunctions, 77 interjections, 17,450 nouns, 26 particles, 39 prepositions, 17 pronouns, and 5,986 verbs. The remaining entries are references to other entries (such as alternate spellings or archaic versions), prefixes, suffixes, and terms left untranslated by the original editors.[157] | |
Avar | 36,000 | 36000 | Аварско-русский словарь Гимбатова. М. М.[158] | Avar-Russian dictionary of M. M. Gimbatov[158] | |
Venetian | 36,000 | 36000 | Dizionario della lingua veneta[159] | Dictionary of Venetian Language[160] of Gianfranco Cavallin[161] | |
Komi | 32,659 | 32659 | Большой коми-русский словарь[162] | A reverse Russian-Komi dictionary contains 50722 words.[163] | |
Lezgi | 28,000 | 28000 | Лезгинско-русский словарь: Б. Б Талибов, М. М. Гаджиев[164] | Lezgi-Russian dictionary: B. B Talibov, M. M. Gadzhiev[164] | |
Middle Dutch | 25,000 | 25000 | Het Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek[165] | Historical dictionary of Middle Dutch: 1200-1300[166] | |
Old Swedish | 22,894 | 22894 | Ordbok öfver svenska medeltidsspråket[167] | The dictionary includes around 22,894 headwords in 3 volumes,[168] and with the 2 volume supplement (21,495 headwords) the dictionary includes 44,389 headwords.[169] | |
Chechen | 20,000 | 20000 | Чеченско-русский словарь. Алироев, И.А.; Хамидова, З.Х.; Алексеев, М.Е.[170] | Chechen-Russian dictionary. I.A Aliroev., Z.Kh. Khamidova., M.E. Alekseev.,[170] | |
Kabardian | 20,000 | 20000 | Кабардинско-русский словарь. М. Л. Апажев, Н. А. Багов[171] | Kabardian-Russian dictionary. M. L. Apazhev, N. A. Bagov[171] | |
Quechua | 20,000 | 20000 | Diccionario Quechua-Español Lira Jorge | Quechua-Spanish dictionary Lira Jorge[172] | |
Swedish | 20,000 | 20000 | Svensk etymologisk ordbok[173] | The dictionary includes around 20,000 headwords.[174] | |
Esperanto | 16,780 | 16780 | Plena Ilustrita Vortaro de Esperanto (Complete Illustrated Dictionary of Esperanto) | 46,890 lexical units[175] | |
Malayalam | 16,000 | 16000 | Chathur Dravida Bhasha Nighandu (Dictionary of Four Dravidian Languages)[176] | Malayalam, Kannada, Tamil and Telugu multilingual dictionary published by Kerala Bhasha Institute and authored by Njattyela Sreedharan.[177] The dictionary includes around 16,000 headwords.[178] | |
Ingush | 11,142 | 11142 | Ингушско-русский словарь. М. С. Мургустов.[179] | Ingush-Russian dictionary by M.S. Murgustov.[179] | |
Nahuatl | 10,500 | 10500 | Tlahtolxitlauhcayotl: Chicontepec, Veracruz | Huasteca Nahuatl monolingual dictionary with 10 500 entries of which 360 are loanwords, co-authored by John Joseph Sullivan[180] | |
Old Dutch | 9,000 | 9000 | Het Oudnederlands Woordenboek[181][166] | ||
Flemish-only words | 1,000 | 1000 | Het Gele Boekje[182][183] | ||
Toki Pona | 137 | 137 | Toki Pona: The Language of Good[184] | A later dictionary added 17 words, bringing the total number of official words to 137. Subsequently, the Lipu Linku dictionary has used the Toki Pona language survey to identify 260 words in use in Toki Pona, though not all are frequently used.[185][186][187] |
Notes
- ^ Jalal al-Din al-Suyuti's book "Al-Mizhar fi Eulum Allughat Wa'anwaeiha" (Arabic: المزهر في علوم اللغة وأنواعها) states that in the Kitab al-'Ayn, the first Arabic dictionary, the number of attested and potential two-to-five-consonant word stems, plus the inflectional forms derived from them, was calculated at 12,305,412.[86][87]
- ^ Al-Qamus al-Muhit means "The surrounding Ocean".
- ^ The name means "The crown of Language and the authentic of Arabic".
References
- ^ "How many words are there in the English language?". Oxford English Dictionary. Archived from the original on September 7, 2016. Retrieved August 14, 2018.
- ^ "The Biggest Vocabulary?". The Economist. June 23, 2010. Archived from the original on August 15, 2018. Retrieved August 14, 2018.
- ^ "Government to launch Tamil word bank". The Hindu. February 5, 2019. ISSN 0971-751X. Archived from the original on December 28, 2020. Retrieved May 10, 2020.
- ^ "우리말샘 - 사전 통계". 우리말샘. Archived from the original on March 15, 2023. Retrieved November 9, 2017.
- ^ "Aulete Digital". Archived from the original on April 10, 2021. Retrieved March 29, 2021.
- ^ "RedFox Sanakirja: Sisältöpäivitykset" (in Finnish). Redfox languages Oy. Archived from the original on August 11, 2020. Retrieved August 8, 2019.
- ^ "Suomen suurin sanakirja julkaistiin ilmaisena netissä" (in Finnish). Yle. November 13, 2014. Archived from the original on August 8, 2019. Retrieved August 8, 2019.
- ^ "Statistics". en.wiktionary.org. Archived from the original on November 14, 2020. Retrieved March 25, 2023.
- ^ "Category:English_lemmas". en.wiktionary.org. June 20, 2022. Archived from the original on March 25, 2023. Retrieved March 25, 2023.
- ^ "국립국어원 표준국어대사전". stdict.korean.go.kr. Archived from the original on November 30, 2020. Retrieved January 24, 2021.
- ^ "Grande dizionario Hoepli italiano". Archived from the original on April 20, 2020. Retrieved March 24, 2020.
- ^ "Dizionario di italiano". Archived from the original on March 24, 2020. Retrieved March 24, 2020.
- ^ "Quante parole ci sono nel dizionario italiano?". Archived from the original on December 13, 2016. Retrieved February 23, 2017.
- ^ "NIHON KOKUGO DAIJITEN". Indiana University. April 24, 2009. Archived from the original on September 5, 2016. Retrieved August 7, 2016.
- ^ "Dictionary of the Lithuanian Language". 2002. Archived from the original on August 11, 2017. Retrieved April 19, 2018.
- ^ "How many words are there in English?". www.merriam-webster.com. Archived from the original on November 11, 2020. Retrieved May 15, 2018.
- ^ "Statîstîk - Wîkîferheng". ku.wiktionary.org (in Kurdish). Archived from the original on February 6, 2024. Retrieved February 25, 2024.
- ^ "Kategorî:Kurdî", Wîkîferheng (in Kurdish), February 25, 2024, archived from the original on October 2, 2023, retrieved February 25, 2024
- ^ "Wiktionnaire:Statistiques", Wiktionnaire (in French), February 21, 2023, archived from the original on February 28, 2023, retrieved February 28, 2023
- ^ Malić, Dragica (1980) "Akademijin rječnik i njegove dopune Archived April 2, 2022, at the Wayback Machine" in Rasprave: Časopis Instituta za hrvatski jezik i jezikoslovlje, Vol. 6-7, No. 1, pages 121–139
- ^ "Rječnik hrvatskoga ili srpskoga jezika (tzv. Akademijin rječnik)". ihjj.hr. Archived from the original on October 28, 2022. Retrieved April 1, 2022.
- ^ "Woordenboek der Nederlandsche Taal". Archived from the original on August 10, 2017. Retrieved August 9, 2017.
- ^ "漢語辭書出版的里程碑" (in Chinese). Archived from the original on November 1, 2020. Retrieved October 28, 2020.
- ^ Soukhanov, Anne H. (1992). The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language. Houghton Mifflin. ISBN 0-395-44895-6.
- ^ "Suomen murteiden sanakirja" (in Finnish). Institute for the Languages of Finland. Archived from the original on December 19, 2020. Retrieved August 8, 2019.
- ^ "Suomen murteiden sana-arkisto: Pääkokoelma" (in Finnish). Institute for the Languages of Finland. Archived from the original on August 8, 2019. Retrieved August 8, 2019.
- ^ "موسسه لغت نامه دهخدا". Archived from the original on August 31, 2019. Retrieved September 28, 2019.
- ^ Dehkhoda Dictionary
- ^ a b "Antall ord i norsk". Språkrådet (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on November 11, 2020. Retrieved September 29, 2017.
- ^ "Deutsches Wörterbuch von Jacob Grimm und Wilhelm Grimm (The German Dictionary of the Brothers Grimm)". Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities & Heidelberg Academy of Sciences and Humanities. Archived from the original on August 12, 2016. Retrieved August 16, 2016. Also available online Archived December 5, 2020, at the Wayback Machine.
- ^ "Ötüken Sözlük Hakkında". www.otukensozluk.com. Archived from the original on February 4, 2024. Retrieved February 4, 2024.
- ^ ÇAĞBAYIR, Yaşar (2006). Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük 5 Cilt (in Turkish). Ötüken Neşriyat. ISBN 978-975-437-623-4. Archived from the original on February 28, 2021. Retrieved February 24, 2021.
- ^ "etymologiebank.nl". www.etymologiebank.nl. Archived from the original on July 25, 2021. Retrieved July 25, 2021.
- ^ "Науковці розповіли, скільки в українській мові слів". Archived from the original on October 23, 2020. Retrieved December 15, 2022.
- ^ "About Us". Rekhta Dictionary. Archived from the original on August 25, 2023. Retrieved August 25, 2023.
- ^ "What is Bhagavadgomanal?". bhagavadgomandalonline.com. Pravin Prakashan Pvt. Ltd. Archived from the original on May 9, 2020. Retrieved March 4, 2018.
- ^ Robert McCrum, William Cran, & Robert MacNeil. The Story of English. New York: Penguin, 1992: 1
- ^ Oxford English Dictionary, Second Edition, Volume 1. Oxford University Press, 1989.
- ^ Algeo, John (1999). "Chapter 2:Vocabulary". In Romaine, Suzanne (ed.). Cambridge History of the English Language. Vol. IV: 1776–1997. Cambridge University Press. pp. 57–91. doi:10.1017/CHOL9780521264778.003. ISBN 978-0-521-26477-8.
- ^ "How many words are there in the English language?". Oxford English Dictionary. Archived from the original on September 7, 2016. Retrieved August 6, 2016.
- ^ Bas Aarts; Sylvia Chalker; Edmund Weiner (January 16, 2014). The Oxford Dictionary of English Grammar. OUP Oxford. pp. 436–. ISBN 978-0-19-107900-9.
- ^ "Urdu Lughat". udb.gov.pk. Archived from the original on August 24, 2022. Retrieved August 24, 2022.
- ^ "New Urdu dictionary heavily influenced by TV news". The Express Tribune. Archived from the original on February 12, 2020. Retrieved February 11, 2020.
- ^ Великий зведений орфографічний словник сучасної української лексики. Ірпінь. 2003. ISBN 978-966-569-178-5. Archived from the original on December 28, 2020. Retrieved May 15, 2020.
- ^ Бусел, В'ячеслав (December 28, 2005). "Великий тлумачний словник сучасної української мови" – via Internet Archive.
- ^ "Příruční slovník a databáze lexikálního archivu". bara.ujc.cas.cz. Archived from the original on October 26, 2021. Retrieved October 3, 2021.
- ^ "Příruční slovník jazyka českého". www.ujc.cas.cz. Archived from the original on October 13, 2020. Retrieved July 14, 2018.
- ^ Bogutović, Dragan (August 10, 2018). "Rečnik SANU: Još pola veka do slova "Š"". Večernje novosti. Archived from the original on December 30, 2019. Retrieved December 30, 2019.
- ^ ""Dicionário Houaiss" unifica língua portuguesa' in Ciberdúvidas da Língua Portuguesa". Archived from the original on June 24, 2021. Retrieved March 30, 2021.
- ^ "Фёдар Піскуноў - Philology.BY".[permanent dead link]
- ^ Бодуэновское издание Толкового словаря В.И.Даля (PDF) (in Russian). Archived (PDF) from the original on October 3, 2021. Retrieved October 3, 2021.
- ^ "20 вещей, которые надо знать о словаре Даля • Arzamas" (in Russian). Archived from the original on September 12, 2021. Retrieved October 3, 2021.
- ^ Kolehmainen, Taru: "Viisikymmentä vuotta Nykysuomen sanakirjan alullepanosta" (in Finnish). Institute for the Languages of Finland. December 31, 1976. Archived from the original on July 12, 2019. Retrieved August 8, 2019. Kielikello 10/1977.
- ^ "Großes Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache". Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities. Archived from the original on November 11, 2013. Retrieved August 16, 2016.
- ^ Ordbog over det danske Sprog Archived November 23, 2020, at the Wayback Machine, Society for Danish Language and Literature
- ^ "Rangjung Yeshe Wiki - Dharma Dictionary". rywiki.tsadra.org/index.php/Main_Page. Archived from the original on November 29, 2013. Retrieved March 30, 2021.
- ^ "MW Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary of 1899 (User notes) — csldoc 0.1 documentation". www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de. Retrieved August 12, 2024.
- ^ "The Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary | Learn Sanskrit Online". learnsanskrit.org. Retrieved August 12, 2024.
- ^ "आँकड़े - विक्षनरी". hi.wiktionary.org. Archived from the original on October 29, 2020. Retrieved May 11, 2019.
- ^ "15 томдық "Қазақ әдеби тілі сөздігінің" тұсаукесері өтеді". December 22, 2011. Archived from the original on February 21, 2020. Retrieved February 21, 2020.
- ^ "WordNet | A Lexical Database for English". Archived from the original on December 26, 2020. Retrieved December 28, 2020.
- ^ "Слоўнік беларускай мовы". Archived from the original on November 27, 2018. Retrieved November 27, 2018.
- ^ "Orðabók Sigfúsar Blöndal". blondal.arnastofnun.is. Archived from the original on February 22, 2021. Retrieved January 18, 2021.
- ^ "Über das Wörterbuch". www.idiotikon.ch. Archived from the original on January 16, 2021. Retrieved January 24, 2021.
- ^ "Книга: Большой академический словарь русского языка". Archived from the original on April 13, 2019. Retrieved December 28, 2020.
- ^ "Schweizerisches Idiotikon". www.idiotikon.ch. Archived from the original on April 23, 2021. Retrieved January 24, 2021.
- ^ ""Tschegge" und "Tröpsli" online nachschauen". October 5, 2010. Archived from the original on April 16, 2022. Retrieved March 10, 2022.
- ^ "Duden | Der neue Duden ist da!". www.duden.de (in German). Archived from the original on January 16, 2021. Retrieved January 17, 2021.
- ^ "Category with german gloss entries". de.wiktionary.org. November 26, 2020. Archived from the original on April 11, 2022. Retrieved April 11, 2022.
- ^ "Statistics". de.wiktionary.org. Archived from the original on March 25, 2023. Retrieved March 25, 2023.
- ^ "Presentation - Site du laboratoire ATILF". www.atilf.fr. Archived from the original on October 19, 2020. Retrieved October 28, 2016.
- ^ "French Dictionary". Larousse. Archived from the original on October 26, 2016. Retrieved October 28, 2016.
- ^ "TLFi : Trésor de la Langue Française informatisé - Site du laboratoire ATILF". www.atilf.fr (in French). Archived from the original on May 2, 2017. Retrieved October 28, 2016.
- ^ "Інститут мовознавства ім. О.О.Потебні | Словник української мови". Archived from the original on December 28, 2020. Retrieved October 23, 2017.
- ^ "Академічний тлумачний словник української мови". Archived from the original on November 7, 2020. Retrieved October 23, 2017.
- ^ "Het Groene Boekje (Hardcover)". webwinkel.vandale.nl (in Dutch). Archived from the original on July 11, 2021. Retrieved July 25, 2021.
- ^ "Толковый словарь Кузнецова". Gufo.me. Archived from the original on November 24, 2020. Retrieved March 14, 2019.
- ^ "Front page | Rikstermbanken". www.rikstermbanken.se. Archived from the original on January 18, 2021. Retrieved January 23, 2021.
- ^ "Rikstermbanken - Institutet för språk och folkminnen". www.isof.se (in Swedish). Archived from the original on January 31, 2021. Retrieved January 23, 2021.
- ^ "Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL) | Svenska Akademien". www.svenskaakademien.se. Archived from the original on January 21, 2021. Retrieved January 23, 2021.
- ^ Sjöberg, Jane. "LibGuides: eBooks @ Lund University Libraries: Svenska Akademiens Ordlista (SAOL)". libguides.lub.lu.se (in Swedish). Archived from the original on January 31, 2021. Retrieved January 23, 2021.
- ^ "Engelsk har næppe flere ord end dansk". videnskab.dk. November 21, 2012. Archived from the original on November 21, 2020. Retrieved August 14, 2016.
- ^ SAOL Archived October 30, 2020, at the Wayback Machine. Svenska Akademien. Retrieved August 14, 2016.
- ^ "Ժամանակակից հայոց լեզվի բացատրական բառարան, Հրաչյա Աճառյանի Անվան Լեզվի Ինստիտուտ". Archived from the original on July 13, 2020. Retrieved June 28, 2020.
- ^ [1] [dead link]. TheHindu.com. Retrieved July 11, 2017.
- ^ al-Suyuti, Jalal al-Din (January 1, 2014). المزهر في علوم اللغة وأنواعها [Al-Mizhar fi Eulum Allughat Wa'anwaeiha] (in Arabic). Vol. 1. Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah. pp. 59–60. ISBN 978-2-7451-2528-6. Archived from the original on December 28, 2020. Retrieved December 28, 2020.
- ^ Al-Badrawi, Zahran (2009). المعجم العربي: تطور وتاريخ في ضوء نظريات علم الدلالة لدى المحدثين (in Arabic). Dar Alafaq Alarabia. p. 34. Archived from the original on December 28, 2020. Retrieved December 28, 2020.
- ^ a b "كتاب تاج العروس موسوعة ثقافية شاملة". Kuwait News Agency (in Arabic). April 1, 2002. Archived from the original on December 28, 2020. Retrieved December 28, 2020.
- ^ "Woordenboek der Friese Taal". Instituut voor de Nederlandse Taal (in Dutch). May 18, 2020. Archived from the original on July 30, 2021. Retrieved July 30, 2021.
- ^ "Historische woordenboeken". Instituut voor de Nederlandse Taal (in Dutch). December 11, 2019. Archived from the original on July 30, 2021. Retrieved July 30, 2021.
- ^ "Ordbok över Finlands svenska folkmål". Archived from the original on January 28, 2021.
- ^ "Ordbok över Finlands svenska folkmål". Archived from the original on January 30, 2021.
- ^ "Online edition of the 15 volumes of The (Explanatory) Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language (in Bulgarian)". many publishers, primarily The Academic Publishing House of The Institute for the Bulgarian Language. Archived from the original on November 28, 2020. Retrieved October 29, 2016.
- ^ Collectif, Auf (1999). Dictionnaire universel francophone. Hachette, EDICEF. Archived from the original on July 30, 2021. Retrieved May 9, 2021.
- ^ Dictionnaire universel francophone... - Collectif (in French). Archived from the original on May 10, 2021. Retrieved May 9, 2021.
- ^ "Explanatory Dictionary » ena.ge". Archived from the original on February 25, 2024. Retrieved February 25, 2024.
- ^ "Белорусско-русский онлайн-словарь Скарнік". Archived from the original on October 29, 2020. Retrieved August 8, 2019.
- ^ "Mladinska knjiga - O drugi izdaji SSKJ". Archived from the original on September 7, 2019. Retrieved January 8, 2017.
- ^ "Kielitoimiston sanakirja" (in Finnish). Institute for the Languages of Finland. Archived from the original on December 28, 2020. Retrieved August 8, 2019.
- ^ "takealot.com". m.takealot.com. Archived from the original on July 5, 2020. Retrieved July 4, 2020.
- ^ "Dictionnaire Le Grand Robert de la langue française" (in French). Dictionnaires Le Robert. Archived from the original on May 13, 2019. Retrieved August 5, 2019.
- ^ "Österreichisches Wörterbuch, 43., aktualisierte Auflage, Buchhandelsausgabe mit Nutzerschlüssel | öbv Österreichischer Bundesverlag Schulbuch GmbH & Co. KG, Wien". www.oebv.at. Archived from the original on July 4, 2020. Retrieved July 4, 2020.
- ^ "Słownik języka polskiego PWN". Archived from the original on December 17, 2020. Retrieved December 28, 2020.
- ^ Орфографический словарь русского языка. Archived from the original on January 17, 2021. Retrieved January 18, 2021 – via www.labirint.ru.
- ^ "Список грамматик, словарей и справочников, содержащих нормы современного русского литературного языка при его использовании в качестве государственного языка РФ". Российская газета (in Russian). Archived from the original on March 8, 2019. Retrieved January 18, 2021.
- ^ "Орфографический словарь русского языка: Свыше 100 000 слов, Букчина Б. З.. Настольные словари русского языка. Аст-Пресс Книга, 2018г. купить в интернет-магазине за 2322р". www.prodalit.ru. Archived from the original on January 22, 2021. Retrieved January 18, 2021.
- ^ Türk Dil Kurumu E-Mağaza (in Turkish). Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu. 2023. ISBN 978-975-17-5397-7. Archived from the original on February 4, 2024. Retrieved February 4, 2024.
{{cite book}}
:|website=
ignored (help) - ^ "Türk Dil Kurumu | Sözlük". sozluk.gov.tr (in Turkish). Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu. Archived from the original on December 29, 2018. Retrieved February 4, 2024.
- ^ "Kubbealtı Lugatı". lugatim.com (in Turkish). Archived from the original on April 24, 2024. Retrieved April 24, 2024.
- ^ Kubbealti Lugati. İstanbul: Kubbealtı Neşriyatı. 2005. ISBN 978-975-6444-18-4. Archived from the original on February 4, 2024. Retrieved February 4, 2024.
{{cite book}}
:|website=
ignored (help) - ^ "Presentación" (in Spanish). Real Academia Española. Archived from the original on August 11, 2016. Retrieved August 6, 2016.
- ^ Ahmadi, Sina; Hassani, Hossein; P. McCrae, John (2019). "Towards Electronic Lexicography for the Kurdish Language" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on August 10, 2023. Retrieved August 10, 2023.
- ^ "Kurdology center publishes 4-volume bilingual Kurdish-Persian dictionary". www.rudaw.net. Archived from the original on August 10, 2023. Retrieved August 10, 2023.
- ^ "Structure and history of the Dutch language". Free University of Berlin, Department for Dutch Linguistics. September 14, 2009. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved June 26, 2011.
- ^ "Gran Diccionari de la llengua catalana | enciclopèdia.cat". www.enciclopedia.cat. Archived from the original on October 27, 2020. Retrieved June 29, 2020.
- ^ Shouhui Zhao, Dongbo Zhang, The Totality of Chinese Characters – A Digital Perspective Archived July 16, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Daniel G. Peebles, SCML: A Structural Representation for Chinese Characters Archived March 10, 2016, at the Wayback Machine, May 29, 2007
- ^ Victor H. Mair, Who Has the Biggest Dictionary? Archived August 15, 2016, at the Wayback Machine, October 9, 2008. Retrieved February 25, 2017.
- ^ صخر, محمد الشارخ-. "المعجم المعاصر". المعجم المعاصر (in Arabic). Archived from the original on December 12, 2020. Retrieved January 22, 2021.
- ^ mosaytech (January 25, 2020). "المعجم المعاصر: أحدث مشروعات شركة صخر ومؤسسة الشارخ". صدى التقنية (in Arabic). Archived from the original on January 13, 2021. Retrieved January 22, 2021.
- ^ "Le Littré". Archived from the original on May 16, 2021. Retrieved May 9, 2021.
- ^ "Google Code Archive - Long-term storage for Google Code Project Hosting". code.google.com. Archived from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved May 9, 2021.
- ^ "Dictionnaire Littré en ligne : dictionnaire de français Littré adapté du grand dictionnaire de la langue française d'Emile Littré". littre.reverso.net. Archived from the original on May 15, 2021. Retrieved May 9, 2021.
- ^ "O'zbek tili izohli lug'atining besh tomli yangi nashri taqdimoti o'tkazildi". Kun.uz (in Uzbek). June 26, 2020. Archived from the original on November 28, 2021. Retrieved November 28, 2021.
- ^ "Historische woordenboeken". gtb.ivdnt.org. Archived from the original on July 30, 2021. Retrieved July 30, 2021.
- ^ "Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek". Instituut voor de Nederlandse Taal (in Dutch). June 19, 2020. Archived from the original on July 30, 2021. Retrieved July 30, 2021.
- ^ a b "Svensk ordbok utgiven av Svenska Akademien (SO) tillgänglig som gratis app | Svenska Akademien". www.svenskaakademien.se. Archived from the original on January 19, 2021. Retrieved January 23, 2021.
- ^ Bharti, Vishav (September 11, 2018). "6,000 republished 'Mahan Kosh' copies may be scrapped". The Tribune.
- ^ Kamal, Neel (November 25, 2013). "Eminent Sikh scholar Kahn Singh Nabha remembered". The Times of India. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved April 8, 2024.
- ^ Singh, Roopinder (August 28, 2011). "Bhai Kahn Singh: Renaissance Man". www.sikhchic.com (article originally published by The Tribune). Retrieved April 8, 2024.
- ^ "Pb: 24,000 reprinted copies of 'Mahan Kosh' likely to be scrapped". Business Standard. September 11, 2018.
- ^ "Dalin Ordbok Öfver Svenska Språket | Språkbanken Text". spraakbanken.gu.se. Archived from the original on January 21, 2021. Retrieved January 23, 2021.
- ^ "DALINS ORDBOK (Språkbanken)". spraakbanken.gu.se. Archived from the original on July 24, 2021. Retrieved January 23, 2021.
- ^ a b "İslâm Ansiklopedisi Online (in Turkish)" Archived December 28, 2015, at the Wayback Machine PDF Archived February 2, 2015, at the Wayback Machine "TDV Encyclopedia of Islam" Archived August 9, 2016, at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved February 2, 2015
- ^ "Prisma groot woordenboek | Reinders Oisterwijk". webshop.reinders-oisterwijk.nl. Archived from the original on July 30, 2021. Retrieved July 30, 2021.
- ^ "Afrikaans". taalunieversum.org. Archived from the original on July 30, 2021. Retrieved July 30, 2021.
- ^ Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lugat (in Turkish). Aydın Kitabevi-ankara. January 2013. ISBN 978-975-7519-02-7. Archived from the original on July 28, 2021. Retrieved February 24, 2021.
{{cite book}}
:|website=
ignored (help) - ^ Teknolojileri, Arasta Bilgi. "Osmanlıca - Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lugat (2 Farklı Renk Seçeneğiyle)". kirmizikedi.com. Archived from the original on October 26, 2021. Retrieved February 24, 2021.
- ^ "Dicionario". Archived from the original on December 23, 2020. Retrieved September 18, 2018.
- ^ "Հայոց լեզուի նոր բառարան, Գնէլ արքեպիսկոպոս Ճէրէճեան, Փարամազ Կ. Տօնիկեան եւ Արտաշէս Տէր Խաչատուրեան". Archived from the original on February 26, 2020. Retrieved June 28, 2020.
- ^ "Tatar-Russian dictionary of Sh.N. Asylgaraev, F.A. Ganiev, M.Z. Zakiyev, K.M. Minnullin, D.B. Ramazanova". Archived from the original on October 26, 2021. Retrieved April 15, 2019.[dead link]
- ^ "La 9e édition | Académie française". www.academie-francaise.fr. Archived from the original on December 6, 2013. Retrieved January 17, 2021.
- ^ RICKARD, P. (October 1, 1987). "Review. A -- Barattage. I. Neuvieme edition. Dictionnaire de l'Academie francaise". French Studies. 41 (4): 505–514. doi:10.1093/fs/41.4.505. ISSN 0016-1128. Archived from the original on February 25, 2024. Retrieved January 17, 2021.
- ^ "woordenlijst". woordenlijst.org. Archived from the original on December 28, 2021. Retrieved January 17, 2021.
- ^ "Spelling - Taalunie". taalunie.org (in Dutch). Archived from the original on January 22, 2021. Retrieved January 17, 2021.
- ^ "Het Groene Boekje (Hardcover)". webwinkel.vandale.nl (in Dutch). Archived from the original on January 22, 2021. Retrieved January 17, 2021.
- ^ "Het Groene Woordenboek". March 12, 2007. Archived from the original on March 12, 2007. Retrieved July 25, 2021.
- ^ "TÜRKMEN DILININ DÜŞÜNDIRIŞLI SÖZLÜGI - Türkmen Dili Sözlüğü". Archived from the original on March 21, 2019. Retrieved March 21, 2019.
- ^ "İzahlı lüğət". Archived from the original on November 9, 2020. Retrieved March 21, 2019.
- ^ "Sureth Dictionaryi - List of all entries". Archived from the original on May 7, 2021. Retrieved April 1, 2021.
- ^ "Hvað eru til mörg orð í íslensku?". University of Iceland. Archived from the original on September 24, 2016. Retrieved August 7, 2016.
- ^ "Р'ашкирско-СЂСѓСЃСЃРєРёР№ словарь". Archived from the original on May 30, 2020. Retrieved April 16, 2019.
- ^ "Чăвашла-вырăсла словарь (1982)". Archived from the original on September 19, 2020. Retrieved April 16, 2019.
- ^ "Словарь". Archived from the original on December 22, 2019. Retrieved December 28, 2020.
- ^ "Riksmålsordlisten nå på nett". Riksmålsforbundet (in Norwegian Bokmål). December 9, 2015. Archived from the original on May 6, 2018. Retrieved January 23, 2021.
- ^ "Riksmålsordlisten". www.bokshop.no (in Norwegian Bokmål). Archived from the original on May 5, 2022. Retrieved May 5, 2022.
- ^ Oxford Latin Dictionary, Oxford University Press, 1968.
- ^ a b "Аварско-русский словарь Гимбатова. М. М." (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on December 28, 2020. Retrieved August 23, 2020.[dead link]
- ^ "Dizionario della lingua veneta - Gianfranco Cavallin - Libro - Zephyrus - | IBS". www.ibs.it. Archived from the original on May 10, 2021. Retrieved May 9, 2021.
- ^ "DIZIONARIO DELLA LINGUA VENETA di GIANFRANCO CAVALLIN Come leggere il Dizionario" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on May 9, 2021. Retrieved May 9, 2021.
- ^ "Il Veneto è una Lingua?". La Voce di Venezia (in Italian). June 5, 2010. Archived from the original on May 9, 2021. Retrieved May 9, 2021.
- ^ "Большой коми-русский словарь". Fu-lab (in Russian). September 1, 2023. Archived from the original on September 1, 2023. Retrieved September 1, 2023.
- ^ "Большой русско-коми словарь". Fu-lab (in Russian). September 1, 2023. Archived from the original on September 1, 2023. Retrieved September 1, 2023.
- ^ a b б Талибов, Б. (1966). "Лезгинско-русский словарь: около 28 000 слов". Archived from the original on October 31, 2020. Retrieved August 23, 2020.
- ^ "Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek". Instituut voor de Nederlandse Taal (in Dutch). August 13, 2020. Archived from the original on July 30, 2021. Retrieved July 30, 2021.
- ^ a b "Historische Woordenboeken op Internet". Maastricht University Library. Archived from the original on July 30, 2021. Retrieved July 30, 2021.
- ^ Söderwall, K. F. (1884). Ordbok öfver svenska medeltids-språket. Archived from the original on October 26, 2021. Retrieved January 23, 2021.
- ^ "Söderwall | Språkbanken Text". spraakbanken.gu.se. Archived from the original on September 19, 2020. Retrieved January 23, 2021.
- ^ "FORNSVENSK LEXIKALISK DATABAS". spraakbanken.gu.se. Archived from the original on November 4, 2020. Retrieved January 24, 2021.
- ^ a b "[Чеченско-русский словарь] ред. Алироев, И.А.; Хамидова, З.Х.; Алексеев, М.Е." Archived from the original on September 4, 2014. Retrieved August 23, 2020.
- ^ a b Апажев, М. Л.; Багов, Н. А. (July 2013). Кабардинско-русский словарь. Рипол Классик. ISBN 978-5-458-50543-7. Archived from the original on November 7, 2020. Retrieved August 23, 2020.
- ^ "Diccionario Bilingüe – Iskay simipi yuyayk'ancha" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on December 11, 2020. Retrieved May 8, 2019.
- ^ Hellquist, Elof (1922). "Svensk etymologisk ordbok". runeberg.org (in Swedish). Archived from the original on January 7, 2021. Retrieved January 23, 2021.
- ^ "Svensk etymologisk databas". www.umu.se (in Swedish). Archived from the original on January 19, 2021. Retrieved January 23, 2021.
- ^ Blahuš, Marek. A Spell Checker for Esperanto. Brno : Masaryk University, Faculty of Informatics, 2008. 40 pp. Bachelor thesis. Text in English. Supervisor RNDr. Petr Sojka, Ph.D. Available online: [2] Archived April 12, 2013, at archive.today p. 17
- ^ "For the love of words, 82-year-old compiles dictionary of 4 south Indian languages". November 30, 2020. Archived from the original on May 26, 2023. Retrieved May 26, 2023.
- ^ "For Keralites, door opens to three other Dravidian languages". The Hindu. October 30, 2020. Archived from the original on March 31, 2022. Retrieved May 26, 2023.
- ^ "One man's 40-year labour of love results in dictionary of four Dravidian languages". The Times of India. March 27, 2021. Archived from the original on November 16, 2022. Retrieved May 26, 2023.
- ^ a b "Ингушско-русский словарь 11142 слова". Archived from the original on December 28, 2020. Retrieved August 23, 2020.
- ^ "Tlahtolxitlauhcayotl: Chicontepec Veracruz" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on April 19, 2021. Retrieved October 19, 2021.
- ^ "Oudnederlands Woordenboek". Instituut voor de Nederlandse Taal (in Dutch). May 15, 2020. Archived from the original on July 30, 2021. Retrieved July 30, 2021.
- ^ Steven, door (January 30, 2015). "Hoe dissident is dat Gele Boekje van De Standaard nu eigenlijk?". Steven Delarue (in Dutch). Archived from the original on July 25, 2021. Retrieved July 25, 2021.
- ^ "De Standaard breekt lans voor "Vlaams" Nederlands met "Gele Boekje"". vrtnws.be (in Dutch). January 30, 2015. Archived from the original on July 25, 2021. Retrieved July 25, 2021.
- ^ Lang, Sonja (2014). Toki Pona: The Language of Good. Tawhid. ISBN 978-0-9782923-0-0. OCLC 921253340.
- ^ Lang, Sonja (2021). Toki Pona Dictionary. Illustrated by Vacon Sartirani. Tawhid. ISBN 978-0-9782923-6-2.
- ^ Off, ary (January 30, 2015). "Official Dictionary". jan-ne.github.io. Archived from the original on October 20, 2021. Retrieved October 20, 2021.
- ^ https://linku.la/ [bare URL]