MLX (gene)

Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
MLX
Identifiers
AliasesMLX, MAD7, MXD7, TCFL4, bHLHd13, MAX dimerization protein, TF4, MAX dimerization protein MLX
External IDsOMIM: 602976; MGI: 108398; HomoloGene: 7969; GeneCards: MLX; OMA:MLX - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chromosome 17 (human)
Chr.Chromosome 17 (human)[1]
Chromosome 17 (human)
Genomic location for MLX
Genomic location for MLX
Band17q21.2Start42,567,072 bp[1]
End42,573,239 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse)
Chromosome 11 (mouse)
Chr.Chromosome 11 (mouse)[2]
Chromosome 11 (mouse)
Genomic location for MLX
Genomic location for MLX
Band11|11 DStart100,978,103 bp[2]
End100,983,033 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern
Bgee
HumanMouse (ortholog)
Top expressed in
  • oocyte

  • secondary oocyte

  • parotid gland

  • duodenum

  • mucosa of transverse colon

  • apex of heart

  • mucosa of sigmoid colon

  • jejunal mucosa

  • mucosa of ileum

  • rectum
Top expressed in
  • right kidney

  • granulocyte

  • duodenum

  • jejunum

  • proximal tubule

  • colon

  • yolk sac

  • left colon

  • thymus

  • stomach
More reference expression data
BioGPS




More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function
  • DNA-binding transcription factor activity
  • transcription factor binding
  • RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding
  • protein binding
  • protein homodimerization activity
  • DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific
  • protein dimerization activity
  • protein heterodimerization activity
  • DNA binding
  • DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific
Cellular component
  • nucleus
  • cytoplasm
  • nucleoplasm
  • cytosol
  • nuclear membrane
Biological process
  • negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
  • negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
  • transcription, DNA-templated
  • regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
  • positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
  • regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

6945

21428

Ensembl

ENSG00000108788

ENSMUSG00000017801

UniProt

Q9UH92

O08609

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_198205
NM_170607
NM_198204
NM_013383
NM_170608

NM_001159384
NM_001159385
NM_011550

RefSeq (protein)

NP_733752
NP_937847
NP_937848

NP_001152856
NP_001152857
NP_035680

Location (UCSC)Chr 17: 42.57 – 42.57 MbChr 11: 100.98 – 100.98 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Max-like protein X is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MLX gene.[5][6]

Function

The product of this gene belongs to the family of basic helix-loop-helix leucine zipper (bHLH-Zip) transcription factors. These factors form heterodimers with Mad proteins and play a role in proliferation, determination and differentiation. This gene product may act to diversify Mad family function by its restricted association with a subset of the Mad family of transcriptional repressors, namely Mad1 and Mad4. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified for this gene.[6]

Interactions

MLX (gene) has been shown to interact with MNT,[7][8] MXD1[7][8] and MLXIPL.[7]

MLX must dimerize with MondoA[9] or with MLXIPL (carbohydrate-responsive element-binding protein) to regulate target genes.[10]

References

  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000108788 – Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000017801 – Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ Bjerknes M, Cheng H (November 1996). "TCFL4: a gene at 17q21.1 encoding a putative basic helix-loop-helix leucine-zipper transcription factor". Gene. 181 (1–2): 7–11. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(96)00376-9. PMID 8973301.
  6. ^ a b "Entrez Gene: MLX MAX-like protein X".
  7. ^ a b c Cairo S, Merla G, Urbinati F, Ballabio A, Reymond A (March 2001). "WBSCR14, a gene mapping to the Williams--Beuren syndrome deleted region, is a new member of the Mlx transcription factor network". Human Molecular Genetics. 10 (6): 617–27. doi:10.1093/hmg/10.6.617. PMID 11230181.
  8. ^ a b Meroni G, Cairo S, Merla G, Messali S, Brent R, Ballabio A, Reymond A (July 2000). "Mlx, a new Max-like bHLHZip family member: the center stage of a novel transcription factors regulatory pathway?". Oncogene. 19 (29): 3266–77. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1203634. PMID 10918583. S2CID 17891130.
  9. ^ Kaadige MR, Yang J, Wilde BR, Ayer DE (2015). "MondoA-Mlx transcriptional activity is limited by mTOR-MondoA interaction". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 35 (1): 101–110. doi:10.1128/MCB.00636-14. PMC 4295369. PMID 25332233.
  10. ^ Song Z, Yang H, Zhou L, Yang F (2019). "Glucose-Sensing Transcription Factor MondoA/ChREBP as Targets for Type 2 Diabetes: Opportunities and Challenges". International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 20 (20): E5132. doi:10.3390/ijms20205132. PMC 6829382. PMID 31623194.

Further reading

  • Rommens JM, Durocher F, McArthur J, Tonin P, LeBlanc JF, Allen T, Samson C, Ferri L, Narod S, Morgan K (August 1995). "Generation of a transcription map at the HSD17B locus centromeric to BRCA1 at 17q21". Genomics. 28 (3): 530–42. doi:10.1006/geno.1995.1185. PMID 7490091.
  • Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB (September 1996). "Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery". Genome Research. 6 (9): 791–806. doi:10.1101/gr.6.9.791. PMID 8889548.
  • Hillier LD, Lennon G, Becker M, Bonaldo MF, Chiapelli B, Chissoe S, Dietrich N, DuBuque T, Favello A, Gish W, Hawkins M, Hultman M, Kucaba T, Lacy M, Le M, Le N, Mardis E, Moore B, Morris M, Parsons J, Prange C, Rifkin L, Rohlfing T, Schellenberg K, Bento Soares M, Tan F, Thierry-Meg J, Trevaskis E, Underwood K, Wohldman P, Waterston R, Wilson R, Marra M (September 1996). "Generation and analysis of 280,000 human expressed sequence tags". Genome Research. 6 (9): 807–28. doi:10.1101/gr.6.9.807. PMID 8889549.
  • Billin AN, Eilers AL, Queva C, Ayer DE (December 1999). "Mlx, a novel Max-like BHLHZip protein that interacts with the Max network of transcription factors". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (51): 36344–50. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.51.36344. PMID 10593926.
  • Meroni G, Cairo S, Merla G, Messali S, Brent R, Ballabio A, Reymond A (July 2000). "Mlx, a new Max-like bHLHZip family member: the center stage of a novel transcription factors regulatory pathway?". Oncogene. 19 (29): 3266–77. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1203634. PMID 10918583. S2CID 17891130.
  • Billin AN, Eilers AL, Coulter KL, Logan JS, Ayer DE (December 2000). "MondoA, a novel basic helix-loop-helix-leucine zipper transcriptional activator that constitutes a positive branch of a max-like network". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 20 (23): 8845–54. doi:10.1128/MCB.20.23.8845-8854.2000. PMC 86535. PMID 11073985.
  • Cairo S, Merla G, Urbinati F, Ballabio A, Reymond A (March 2001). "WBSCR14, a gene mapping to the Williams--Beuren syndrome deleted region, is a new member of the Mlx transcription factor network". Human Molecular Genetics. 10 (6): 617–27. doi:10.1093/hmg/10.6.617. PMID 11230181.
  • Eilers AL, Sundwall E, Lin M, Sullivan AA, Ayer DE (December 2002). "A novel heterodimerization domain, CRM1, and 14-3-3 control subcellular localization of the MondoA-Mlx heterocomplex". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 22 (24): 8514–26. doi:10.1128/MCB.22.24.8514-8526.2002. PMC 139889. PMID 12446771.
  • Merla G, Howald C, Antonarakis SE, Reymond A (July 2004). "The subcellular localization of the ChoRE-binding protein, encoded by the Williams-Beuren syndrome critical region gene 14, is regulated by 14-3-3". Human Molecular Genetics. 13 (14): 1505–14. doi:10.1093/hmg/ddh163. PMID 15163635.
  • Ma L, Tsatsos NG, Towle HC (March 2005). "Direct role of ChREBP.Mlx in regulating hepatic glucose-responsive genes". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 280 (12): 12019–27. doi:10.1074/jbc.M413063200. PMID 15664996.
  • Sans CL, Satterwhite DJ, Stoltzman CA, Breen KT, Ayer DE (July 2006). "MondoA-Mlx heterodimers are candidate sensors of cellular energy status: mitochondrial localization and direct regulation of glycolysis". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 26 (13): 4863–71. doi:10.1128/MCB.00657-05. PMC 1489152. PMID 16782875.

External links

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.

  • v
  • t
  • e
(1) Basic domains
(1.1) Basic leucine zipper (bZIP)
(1.2) Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH)
Group A
Group B
Group C
bHLH-PAS
Group D
Group E
Group F
bHLH-COE
(1.3) bHLH-ZIP
(1.4) NF-1
(1.5) RF-X
(1.6) Basic helix-span-helix (bHSH)
(2) Zinc finger DNA-binding domains
(2.1) Nuclear receptor (Cys4)
subfamily 1
subfamily 2
subfamily 3
subfamily 4
subfamily 5
subfamily 6
subfamily 0
(2.2) Other Cys4
(2.3) Cys2His2
(2.4) Cys6
(2.5) Alternating composition
(2.6) WRKY
(3) Helix-turn-helix domains
(3.1) Homeodomain
Antennapedia
ANTP class
protoHOX
Hox-like
metaHOX
NK-like
other
(3.2) Paired box
(3.3) Fork head / winged helix
(3.4) Heat shock factors
(3.5) Tryptophan clusters
(3.6) TEA domain
  • transcriptional enhancer factor
(4) β-Scaffold factors with minor groove contacts
(4.1) Rel homology region
(4.2) STAT
(4.3) p53-like
(4.4) MADS box
(4.6) TATA-binding proteins
(4.7) High-mobility group
(4.9) Grainyhead
(4.10) Cold-shock domain
(4.11) Runt
(0) Other transcription factors
(0.2) HMGI(Y)
(0.3) Pocket domain
(0.5) AP-2/EREBP-related factors
(0.6) Miscellaneous
see also transcription factor/coregulator deficiencies
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