Noack's roundleaf bat
Noack's roundleaf bat | |
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Conservation status | |
![]() Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)[1] | |
Scientific classification ![]() | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Mammalia |
Order: | Chiroptera |
Family: | Hipposideridae |
Genus: | Hipposideros |
Species: | H. ruber |
Binomial name | |
Hipposideros ruber Noack, 1893 | |
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Noack's roundleaf bat range |
Noack's roundleaf bat (Hipposideros ruber) is a species of bat in the family Hipposideridae. It is found throughout tropical Africa. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, moist savanna, and caves and other subterranean habitats.[1]
Taxonomy
The bat is also known by the synonyms H. centralis and H. niapu.[1]
Description
Newly molted individuals of the species are gray in color, but eventually turn orange, lost probably due to the presence of ammonia in roosts.[2]
Biology
Some populations of the bat are partially diurnal, with daytime foraging, chases, and other activity observed in populations of H. ruber on the island of São Tomé.[3]
Diet
The bat seems to hunt by detecting the fluttering of wings by moths to decide whether to attack. If a moth was not fluttering its wings, or stopped during an attack, the bat would terminate its approach. The bat also does not use sight or sound to detect fluttering of wings. This appears to be a way to reduce clutter while hunting.[4]
Echolocation
The bat echolocates at a frequency of 132-138 kHz.[5][6]
Habitat and distribution
The bat's range extends throughout much of West, Central, and East Africa and part of southern Africa including Angola, southern Democratic Republic of the Congo, northern and eastern Zambia, southern Malawi and north-western Mozambique. The bat can be found up until 2300 meters above sea level.
The bat mainly inhabits lowland tropical moist forest but is also found in relic and riverine forests in dry savanna. The bat is known to roost in caves, rocky crevices and abandoned mineshafts. Animals have also been found under a bridge, in a hollow kapok tree and in derelict buildings.[1]
Conservation
The species is assessed as least-concern due to its large population, widespread range, and lack of considerable decline in population. The bat may be locally threatened in some areas due to habitat loss and subsistence hunting. The bat is not protected by any laws, but is known to exist in the Manga Forest Reserve of Tanzania.[1]
References
- ^ a b c d e Monadjem, A.; Fahr, J.; Hutson, A.M.; Mickleburgh, S.; Bergmans, W. (2017). "Hipposideros ruber". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T10157A22102440. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T10157A22102440.en. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
- ^ "Science Source - Noack's roundleaf bat (Hipposideros ruber)". www.sciencesource.com. Retrieved 2020-03-26.
- ^ Russo, Danilo; Maglio, Guglielmo; Rainho, Ana; Meyer, Christoph F. J.; Palmeirim, Jorge M. (2011-11-01). "Out of the dark: Diurnal activity in the bat Hipposideros ruber on São Tomé island (West Africa)". Mammalian Biology. 76 (6): 701–708. doi:10.1016/j.mambio.2010.11.007. ISSN 1616-5047.
- ^ Bell, G. P.; Fenton, M. B. (1983-11-01). "Echolocation and foraging behavior of Hipposideros ruber (Chiroptera)". The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 74 (S1): S32. doi:10.1121/1.2020910. ISSN 0001-4966.
- ^ Heller, Klaus-Gerhard (1992-01-01). "The echolocation calls of Hipposideros ruber and Hipposideros caffer". Prague Studies of Mammalogy: 75–77. ISBN 978-80-7066-556-5. Retrieved 2020-03-26.
- ^ Guillén; B, Juste; Ibáñez (2000). "Variation in the frequency of the echolocation calls of Hipposideros ruber in the Gulf of Guinea: an exploration of the adaptive meaning of the constant frequency value in rhinolophoid CF bats". Journal of Evolutionary Biology. 13 (1): 70–80. doi:10.1046/j.1420-9101.2000.00155.x. hdl:10261/48765. ISSN 1420-9101. S2CID 86478779.
- v
- t
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- Kingdom: Animalia
- Phylum: Chordata
- Class: Mammalia
- Infraclass: Eutheria
- Superorder: Laurasiatheria
- Order: Chiroptera
- Flower-faced bat (A. ornatus)
- A. arabica
- A. italosomalica
- Patrizi's trident leaf-nosed bat (A. patrizii)
- Trident bat (A. tridens)
(Tate's trident-
nosed bats)
- Stoliczka's trident bat (A. stoliczkanus)
- Temminck's trident bat (A. tricuspidatus)
- Dong Bac's trident bat (A. dongbacana)
- East Asian tailless leaf-nosed bat (C. frithii)
- Malayan tailless leaf-nosed bat (C. robinsoni)
(roundleaf bats)
- Aba roundleaf bat (H. abae)
- H. alongensis
- Great roundleaf bat (H. armiger)
- Dusky Leaf-nosed Bat (H. ater)
- H. atrox
- Benito roundleaf bat (H. beatus)
- Bicolored roundleaf bat (H. bicolor)
- Boeadi's roundleaf bat (H. boeadii)
- Short-headed roundleaf bat (H. breviceps)
- Sundevall's roundleaf bat (H. caffer)
- Spurred roundleaf bat (H. calcaratus)
- Greater roundleaf bat (H. camerunensis)
- Fawn leaf-nosed bat (H. cervinus)
- Ashy roundleaf bat (H. cineraceus)
- Commerson's roundleaf bat (H. commersoni)
- Large Mindanao roundleaf bat (H. coronatus)
- Telefomin roundleaf bat (H. corynophyllus)
- Cox's roundleaf bat (H. coxi)
- Timor roundleaf bat (H. crumeniferus)
- Short-tailed roundleaf bat (H. curtus)
- Cyclops roundleaf bat (H. cyclops)
- Makira roundleaf bat (H. demissus)
- Diadem leaf-nosed bat (H. diadema)
- Fierce roundleaf bat (H. dinops)
- Borneo roundleaf bat (H. doriae)
- Khajuria's leaf-nosed bat (H. durgadasi)
- Dayak roundleaf bat (H. dyacorum)
- Hill's roundleaf bat (H. edwardshilli)
- H. einnaythu
- Sooty roundleaf bat (H. fuliginosus)
- Fulvus roundleaf bat (H. fulvus)
- Cantor's roundleaf bat (H. galeritus)
- H. gentilis
- Giant roundleaf bat (H. gigas)
- Grand roundleaf bat (H. grandis)
- H. griffini
- Thailand roundleaf bat (H. halophyllus)
- Kolar Leaf-nosed Bat (H. hypophyllus)
- Crested roundleaf bat (H. inexpectatus)
- Arnhem leaf-nosed bat (H. inornatus)
- Jones's roundleaf bat (H. jonesi)
- Phou Khao Khouay leaf-nosed bat (H. khaokhouayensis)
- Khasian Leaf-nosed Bat (H. khasiana)
- H. kingstonae
- H. kunsi
- Lamotte's roundleaf bat (H. lamottei)
- Indian roundleaf bat (H. lankadiva)
- Intermediate roundleaf bat (H. larvatus)
- Large Asian roundleaf bat (H. lekaguli)
- Shield-faced roundleaf bat (H. lylei)
- Big-eared roundleaf bat (H. macrobullatus)
- Maduran leaf-nosed bat (H. madurae)
- Maggie Taylor's roundleaf bat (H. maggietaylorae)
- Aellen's roundleaf bat (H. marisae)
- Ethiopian large-eared roundleaf bat (H. megalotis)
- Fly River roundleaf bat (H. muscinus)
- Malayan roundleaf bat (H. nequam)
- H. nicobarulae
- Philippine Forest roundleaf bat (H. obscurus)
- Orbiculus leaf-nosed bat (H. orbiculus)
- Biak roundleaf bat (H. papua)
- Peleng leaf-nosed bat (H. pelingensis)
- H. pendleburyi
- Pomona roundleaf bat (H. pomona)
- Pratt's roundleaf bat (H. pratti)
- Philippine pygmy roundleaf bat (H. pygmaeus)
- Ridley's leaf-nosed bat (H. ridleyi)
- Laotian leaf-nosed bat (H. rotalis)
- Noack's roundleaf bat (H. ruber)
- H. scutinares
- Semon's leaf-nosed bat (H. semoni)
- Sorensen's leaf-nosed bat (H. sorenseni)
- Schneider's leaf-nosed bat (H. speoris)
- Northern leaf-nosed bat (H. stenotis)
- Sumban leaf-nosed bat (H. sumbae)
- H. tephrus
- Saõ Tomé leaf-nosed bat (H. thomensis)
- Lesser great Leaf-nosed Bat (H. turpis)
- Striped leaf-nosed bat (H. vittatus)
- Wollaston's roundleaf bat (H. wollastoni)