Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan
Fakhr-e Afghān (فخر افغان) or Ghaffar Khan Baba Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan Badshah Khan | |
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![]() Bacha Khan difoto pada 1940an | |
Lahir | (1890-02-06)6 Februari 1890 Utmanzai, Hashtnagar, Kawasan Persukuan Garis Depan Provinsi Punjab, India Britania (sekarang Distrik Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan) |
Meninggal | 20 Januari 1988 (usia 97) Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan |
Makam | Jalalabad, Nangarhar, Afghanistan |
Kebangsaan | India Britania – (1890–1947) Pakistani - (1947-1988) |
Organisasi | Khudai Khidmatgar Kongres Nasional India Partai Sosialis Pakistan Partai Awami Nasional |
Gerakan politik | Khudai Khidmatgar, Gerakan Kemerdekaan India |
Suami/istri | Meharqanda Kinankhel (m. 1912–1918)Nambata Kinankhel (m. 1920–1926) |
Anak | Abdul Ghani Khan Abdul Wali Khan Sardaro Mehar Taja Abdul Ali Khan |
Orang tua | Bahram Khan |
Penghargaan | Amnesty International Prisoner of Conscience of the Year (1962) Jawaharlal Nehru Award for International Understanding (1967) Bharat Ratna (1987) |
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Khān Abdul Ghaffār Khān (6 Februari 1890 – 20 Januari 1988) (bahasa Pashtun: خان عبدالغفار خان), yang berjudul Bāchā Khān (Pashto: باچا خان, artinya "raja para pemimpin") atau Pāchā Khān (پاچا خان), adalah seorang aktivis kemerdekaan Pashtun melawan pemerintahan British Raj. Ia merupakan pemimpin politik dan spiritual yang dikenal karena perlawanan non-kekerasannya, dan pasifis seumur hidup dan Muslim taat.[1] Sebagai teman dekat dari Mohandas Gandhi, Bacha Khan dijuluki "Frontier Gandhi" di British India.[2]
Catatan kaki
- ^ An American Witness to India's Partition by Phillips Talbot Year (2007) Sage Publications ISBN 978-0-7619-3618-3
- ^ Raza, Moonis; Ahmad, Aijazuddin (1990). An Atlas of Tribal India: With Computed Tables of District-level Data and Its Geographical Interpretation. Concept Publishing Company. hlm. 1. ISBN 9788170222866.
Referensi
- Habib, Irfan (September–October 1997). "Civil Disobedience 1930–31". Social Scientist. Social Scientist. 25 (9–10): 43. doi:10.2307/3517680. JSTOR 3517680.
- Johansen, Robert C. (1997). "Radical Islam and Nonviolence: A Case Study of Religious Empowerment and Constraint Among Pashtuns". Journal of Peace Research. 34 (1): 53–71. doi:10.1177/0022343397034001005.
- Caroe, Olaf. 1984. The Pathans: 500 B.C.-A.D. 1957 (Oxford in Asia Historical Reprints)." Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-577221-0
- Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan (1969). My life and struggle: Autobiography of Badshah Khan (as narrated to K.B. Narang). Translated by Helen Bouman. Hind Pocket Books, New Delhi.
- Rajmohan Gandhi (2004). Ghaffar Khan: non-violent Badshah of the Pakhtuns. Viking, New Delhi. ISBN 0-670-05765-7.
- Eknath Easwaran (1999). Nonviolent Soldier of Islam: Ghaffar Khan, a man to match his mountains. Nilgiri Press Diarsipkan 2006-06-17 di Wayback Machine., Tomales, CA. ISBN 1-888314-00-1
- Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan: A True Servant of Humanity by Girdhari Lal Puri pp 188–190.
- Mukulika Banerjee (2000). Pathan Unarmed: Opposition & Memory in the North West Frontier. School of American Research Press. ISBN 0-933452-68-3
- Pilgrimage for Peace: Gandhi and Frontier Gandhi Among N.W.F. Pathans, Pyarelal, Ahmedabad, Navajivan Publishing House, 1950.
- Tah Da Qam Da Zrah Da Raza, Abdul Ghaffar Khan, Mardan [Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa] Ulasi Adabi Tolanah, 1990.
- Thrown to the Wolves: Abdul Ghaffar, Pyarelal, Calcutta, Eastlight Book House, 1966.
Pranala luar
Cari tahu mengenai Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan pada proyek-proyek Wikimedia lainnya: | |
![]() | Gambar dan media dari Commons |
![]() | Berita dari Wikinews |
![]() | Kutipan dari Wikiquote |
![]() | Teks sumber dari Wikisource |
- Interview Diarsipkan 2011-06-15 di Wayback Machine. with Ghaffar Khan
- Baacha Khan Trust Diarsipkan 2016-06-09 di Wayback Machine.
- Columbia University pictures
- Photograph Collection[pranala nonaktif permanen]
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Tokoh yang berkaitan dengan Pashtun
- Dinasti Lodi
- Dinasti Suri
- Dinasti Hotaki
- Dinasti Durrani
- Dinasti Barakzai
- selengkapnya
- Bahlul Khan Lodi
- Sher Shah Suri
- Mirwais Hotak
- Ahmad Shah Durrani
- Dost Mohammad Khan
- Malalai dari Maiwand
- Abdur Rahman Khan
- Mahmud Tarzi
- Soraya Tarzi
- Amanullah Khan
- Malala Yousafzai
- Muhammad Nadir Shah
- Bacha Khan
- Wali Khan
- Zahir Shah
- Daoud Khan
- Abdul Ahad Mohmand
- Samad Khan
- Mohammad Najibullah
- Ghulam Ishaq Khan
- Mohammed Omar
- Hamid Karzai
- Asfandyar Wali Khan
- Zalmay Khalilzad
- Ashraf Ghani Ahmadzai
- Abdur Rab Nishtar
- Abdul Waheed Kakar
- Ayub Khan (Presiden dari Pakistan)
- Karnal Sher Khan
- Faqir dari Ipi
- Shahid Khan Afridi
- Budaya Pashtun
- Pashtunwali
- Bahasa Pashto
- Pashtunisasi
- Gaun Pashtun
- Media Pashto
- Penyanyi Pashto
- Suku-suku Pashtun
- Loya jirga
- Adam Khan dan Durkhanai
- Yusuf Khan dan Sherbano
- Amir Kror Suri
- Pir Roshan
- Rahman Baba
- Khushal Khan Khattak
- Nazo Tokhi
- Abdul Hamid Baba
- Hussain Hotaki
- Ahmad Shah Durrani
- Hamza Baba
- Ajmal Khattak
- Kabir Stori
- Ghani Khan
kontroversi
- Afghan (etnonim)
- Pashtunistan
- Durand Line
- Khudai Khidmatgar
- Kalabagh Dam
- Taliban
- Nama Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
- Sentimen anti-Pashtun
konflik
- Pertempuran Panipat Pertama
- Pertempuran Gulnabad
- Pertempuran Panipat Ketiga
- Pertempuran Attock
- Pertempuran Multan
- Pertempuran Shopian
- Pertempuran Nowshera
- Pertempuran Jamrud
- Pengepungan Malakand
- Perang Inggris-Afghanistan
- Pertempuran Maiwand
- Kampanye Tirah
- Pertempuran Saragarhi
- Perang Soviet di Afghanistan
- Perang di Afghanistan (2001–sekarang)
- Perang di Barat Laut Pakistan
Templat:Gandhi