Samjuel Džonson
Samjuel Džonson | |
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![]() Samjuel Džonson c. 1772, rad slikara Ser Džošue Rejnoldsa | |
Ime po rođenju | Samuel Johnson |
Druga imena | Dr. Džonson |
Datum rođenja | (1709-09-18)18. септембар 1709. (OS 7. september) |
Mesto rođenja | Ličfild, Stafordšir Velika Britanija |
Datum smrti | 13. decembar 1784.(1784-12-13) (75 god.) |
Mesto smrti | London Velika Britanija |
Mesto ukopa | Vestminsterska opatija |
Prebivalište | Engleska |
Državljanstvo | Britansko |
Univerzitet | Pembrok koledž, Oksford (nema diplome) |
Zanimanje | Književni kritičar, biograf, esejista, leksikograf, pesnik, dramski pisac |
Radovi | Rečnik engleskog jezika Putovanje na zapadne ostrva Škotske |
Potpis | |
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Samjuel Džonson (18. septembar 1709 – 13. decembar 1784), često nazivan Dr Džonson, bio je engleski pisac koji je dao trajni doprinos engleskoj književnosti kao pesnik, dramski pisac, esejista, moralista, književni kritičar, biograf, urednik i leksikograf. Bio je pobožni anglikanac.[1] Politički, on je bio posvećeni torijevac. Oksfordski rečnik nacionalne biografije opisuje Džonsona kao „verovatno najistaknutijeg pisca u engleskoj istoriji”.[2] On je tema Džejms Bosvelovog dela Život Samjuela Džonsona, koje je Volter Džekson Bejt opisao kao „najpoznatiji pojedinačni rad biografske umetnosti u čitavoj književnosti”.[3]
Rođen u Ličfildu, Stafordšir, Džonson je pohađao Pembruk koledž u Okfordu nešto duže od godinu dana, ali ga je nedostatak sredstava prisilio da napusti studije. Nakon što je radio kao nastavnik, preselio se u London, gde je počeo da piše za Džentlmanski magazin. Njegovi rani radovi uključuju biografiju Život gospodina Ričarda Savidža, poeme London i Ispraznost ljudskih želja, i predstavu Irena.
Nakon devet godina rada, Džonsonov Rečnik engleskog jezika objavljen je 1755. godine. On je imao dalekosežan uticaj na savremeni engleski jezik i bio je priznat kao „jedno od najvećih pojedinačnih dostignuća učenosti”.[4] Ovo delo je donelo Džonsonu popularnost i uspeh. Do završetka Oksfordskog engleskog rečnika 150 godina kasnije, Džonsonov je bio najistaknutiji britanski rečnik.[5] Njegovi kasniji radovi uključivali su eseje, uticajno anotirano izdanje Predstava Vilijama Šekspira i široko čitana priča Istorija Raselasa, princa od Abisinije. Godine 1763, on se sprijateljio sa Džejmsom Bosvelom, s kojim je kasnije otputovao u Škotsku. Džonson je opisao njihova putovanja u delu Putovanju do zapadnih ostrva Škotske. Pred kraj svog života, proizveo je masivno i uticajno delo Životi najeminentnijih engleskih pesnika, zbirku biografija i evaluacija pesnika iz 17. i 18. veka.
Džonson je bio visok[а] i robustan čovek. Njegovi čudni gestovi i tikovi bili su uznemirujući za neke ljude pri prvom sastanku sa njim. Bosvelov Život, zajedno sa drugim biografijama, dokumentovao je Džonsonovo ponašanje i manire tako detaljno da je omogućena posthumna dijagnoza Turetovog sindroma,[7] stanja koje nije definisano ili dijagnozirano u 18. veku. Nakon niza bolesti, umro je uveče 13. decembra 1784. godine i sahranjen je u Vestminsterskoj opatiji. U godinama nakon njegove smrti, postala je jasna velčina Džonsonovog dugotrajnog uticaja na književnu kritiku, a prema nekima on jedini zaista veliki kritičar engleske književnosti.[8]
Napomene
- ^ Džonson je bio visok 180 cm (5 stopa 11 inča) kad je prosečna visina ljudi u Engleskoj bila 165 cm (5 stopa 5 inča).[6]
Reference
- ^ Meyers 2008, стр. 2
- ^ Rogers, Pat (2006), „Johnson, Samuel (1709–1784)”, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online изд.), Oxford University Press, Приступљено 25. 8. 2008
- ^ Bate 1977, стр. xix
- ^ Bate 1977, стр. 240
- ^ Lynch 2003, стр. 1
- ^ Meyers 2008, стр. 29
- ^ Murray 1979 and Stern, Burza & Robertson 2005
- ^ Winters 1943, стр. 240
Literatura
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- Lynch, Jack (2003), „Introduction to this Edition”, Ур.: Lynch, Jack, Samuel Johnson's Dictionary, New York: Walker & Co, стр. 1—21, ISBN 978-0-8027-1421-3 .
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- Meyers, J (2008), Samuel Johnson: The Struggle, Basic Books, A Member of the Perseus Books Group, ISBN 978-0-465-04571-6
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, PMID 12938754, doi:10.7861/clinmedicine.3-4-368 Проверите вредност парамет(а)ра за датум:
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(помоћ). - Sacks, Oliver (19—26 December 1992), „Tourette's syndrome and creativity”, British Medical Journal, 305 (6868): 1515—16, PMC 1884721
, PMID 1286364, doi:10.1136/bmj.305.6868.1515, „... the case for Samuel Johnson having the syndrome, though [...] circumstantial, is extremely strong and, to my mind, entirely convincing” Проверите вредност парамет(а)ра за датум:
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(помоћ). - Stephen, Leslie (1898), „Johnsoniana”, Studies of a Biographer, 1, London: Duckworth and Co., стр. 105—146
- Uglow, Jenny, "Big Talkers" (review of Leo Damrosch, The Club: Johnson, Boswell, and the Friends Who Shaped an Age, Yale University Press, 473 pp.), The New York Review of Books, vol. LXVI, no. 9 (23 May 2019), pp. 26–28.
Spoljašnje veze
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
- Samuel Johnson at the Eighteenth-Century Poetry Archive (ECPA)
- Samuel Johnson and Hodge his Cat
- Samjuel Džonson на сајту Пројекат Гутенберг (језик: енглески)
- Samjuel Džonson на сајту Internet Archive (језик: енглески)
- Dr Johnson на сајту Internet Archive (језик: енглески)
- Samjuel Džonson на сајту LibriVox (језик: енглески)
- Full text of Johnson's essays arranged chronologically
- BBC Radio 4 audio programs:In Our Time and Great Lives
- A Monument More Durable Than Brass: The Donald and Mary Hyde Collection of Dr. Samuel Johnson – online exhibition from Houghton Library, Harvard University
- The Samuel Johnson Sound Bite Page, comprehensive collection of quotations
- Samuel Johnson at the National Portrait Gallery, London
- Life of Johnson на пројекту Гутенберг by James Boswell, abridged by Charles Grosvenor Osgood in 1917 "... omitt[ing] most of Boswell's criticisms, comments and notes, all of Johnson's opinions in legal cases, most of the letters, ..."