Fujiwara no Umakai
Fujiwara no Umakai | |
---|---|
![]() Fujiwara no Umakai drawn by Kikuchi Yōsai | |
Born | 694 |
Died | 7 September 737 |
Nationality | Japanese |
Parents | Fujiwara no Fuhito (father) |
Fujiwara no Umakai (藤原 宇合, 694 – September 7, 737) was a Japanese statesman, courtier, general and politician during the Nara period.[1] The third son of Fujiwara no Fuhito, he founded the Shikike ("Ceremonials") branch of the Fujiwara clan.
Career
He was a diplomat during the reign of Empress Genshō;[2] and he was minister during the reign of Emperor Shōmu. In the Imperial court, Umakai was the chief of protocol (Shikibu-kyō).[3]
- 716 (Reiki 2): Along with Tajihi no Agatamori (多治比縣守), Abe no Yasumaro (阿倍安麻呂) and Ōtomo no Yamamori (大伴山守), Umakai was named to be part of a Japanese diplomatic mission to Tang China in 717-718.[2] Kibi no Makibi and the Buddhist monk Genbō were also part of the entourage.[4]
- 724 (Jinki 1, 1st month): Umakai led an army against the emishi;[5] but this military campaign was later judged to have been unsuccessful.[6]
- 729 (Tenpyō 1): The emperor invested Umakai with the power to raise an army to quash a revolt, but the cause for alarm was dissipated without the need for military action.[7]
- 737 (Tenpyō 9): Umakai died at age 44.[8] A major smallpox epidemic caused the deaths of Umakai and his three brothers.[9]
Genealogy
This member of the Fujiwara clan was son of Fujiwara no Fuhito.[1] Umakai had three brothers: Muchimaro, Fusasaki, and Maro. These four brothers are known for having established the "four houses" of the Fujiwara.[10]
Umakai's children included: Fujiwara no Hirotsugu[11] and Fujiwara no Momokawa[12]
Family
- Father: Fujiwara no Fuhito
- Mother: Soga no Shōshi (蘇我娼子, ?–?), daughter of Soga no Murajiko (蘇我連子).
- Wife: Isonokami no Kunimina no Ōtoji (石上国盛), daughter of Isonokami no Maro (石上麻呂).
- 1st son: Fujiwara no Hirotsugu (藤原広嗣, ?–740)
- 2nd son: Fujiwara no Yoshitsugu (藤原良継, 716–777)
- Wife: Takahashi no Aneko (高橋阿禰娘), daughter of Takahashi no Kasa no Ason (高橋笠朝臣).
- 3rd son: Fujiwara no Kiyonari (藤原清成, 716–777)
- Wife: unclear name (小治田功麿男牛養女)
- 5th son: Fujiwara no Tamaro (藤原田麻呂, 722–783)
- Wife: Kume no Wakame (久米若女), daughter of 久米奈保麻呂?
- 8th son: Fujiwara no Momokawa (藤原百川, 732-779)
- Wife: named (佐伯家主娘), daughter of 佐伯徳麻呂.
- 9th son: Fujiwara no Kurajimaro (藤原蔵下麻呂, 734–775)
- Children with unknown mother:
- 4th son: Fujiwara no Tsunate (藤原綱手, ?–740)
- Daughter: name unknown, wife of Fujiwara no Uona.
- Daughter: name unknown, wife of Fujiwara no Kosemaro (藤原巨勢麻呂).
- Daughter: named (掃子), possibly mother of Fujiwara no Tsunatsugu (藤原綱継).
- Wife: Isonokami no Kunimina no Ōtoji (石上国盛), daughter of Isonokami no Maro (石上麻呂).
Notes
- ^ a b Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Fujiwara no Umakai" in Japan Encyclopedia, p. 211, p. 211, at Google Books; Brinkley, Frank et al. (1915). A History of the Japanese People from the Earliest Times to the End of the Meiji Era, p. 203., p. 203, at Google Books
- ^ a b Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du japon, p. 65, p. 65, at Google Books; see "Fousiwara-no Nokiafi", pre-Hepburn romanization
- ^ Nussbaum, "Shikibu-kyō" at p. 856, p. 856, at Google Books
- ^ Fogel, Joshua. (1996). The Literature of Travel in the Japanese Rediscovery of China, p. 22, p. 22, at Google Books; excerpt, "Like Genbō, Kibi no Makibi remained in China after the embassy ships returned to Japan, returning home himself at the same time as Genbo seventeen years later."
- ^ Brinkley, p. 223., p. 223, at Google Books
- ^ Brinkley, p. 220., p. 220, at Google Books
- ^ Titsingh,p. 68, p. 68, at Google Books
- ^ Titsingh,p. 69, p. 69, at Google Books
- ^ Brinkley, p. 190., p. 190, at Google Books
- ^ Brinkley, p. 203., p. 203, at Google Books; excerpt, "Muchimaro's home, being in the south (nan) of the capital, was called Nan-ke; Fusazaki's, being in the north (hoku), was termed Hoku-ke; Umakai's was spoken of as Shiki-ke, since he presided over the Department of Ceremonies (shiki), and Maro's went by the name of Kyō-ke, this term also having reference to his office."
- ^ Nussbaum, "Fujiwara no Hirotsugu" at p. 202, p. 202, at Google Books
- ^ Nussbaum, "Fujiwara no Momokawa" at p. 206, p. 206, at Google Books
References
- Brinkley, Frank and Dairoku Kikuchi. (1915). A History of the Japanese People from the Earliest Times to the End of the Meiji Era. New York: Encyclopædia Britannica. OCLC 413099
- Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). Japan encyclopedia. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5; OCLC 58053128
- Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du Japon (Nihon Odai Ichiran). Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. OCLC 5850691
- v
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Kamatari[1] 614–669 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fuhito[2] 659–720 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
NANKE branch | HOKKE branch | SHIKIKE branch | KYŌKE branch | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Muchimaro[2] 680–737 | Fusasaki[2] 681–737 | Umakai[2] 694–737 | Maro[2] 695–737 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Toyonari[3] 704–766 | Nakamaro[3] 706–764 | Otomaro[4] | Nagate[5] 714–771 | Matate[4] 715–766 | Uona[6] 721–783 | Kaedemaro[7] 723–776 | Yoshitsugu[8] 716–777 | Tamaro[9] 722–783 | Momokawa[10] 732–779 | Hamanari[11] 724–790 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tsuginawa[12] 727–796 | Korekimi[13] 727–789 | Uchimaro[14] 756–812 | Sonohito[12] 756–819 | Otsugu[12] 774–843 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fuyutsugu[15] 775–826 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nagara[1] 802–826 | Yoshifusa[1] 804–872 | Yoshiyo[16] 823–900 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mototsune[17] 836–891 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tokihira[18][12] 871–909 | Tadahira[12] 880–949 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Saneyori[12] 900–970 | Morosuke[12] 909–960 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yoritada[19] 924–989 | Koretada[12] 924–972 | Yoritada[12][20] 925–977 | Kaneie[12][19] 929–990 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Michitaka[21][22] 953–995 | Michikane[22] 961–995 | Michinaga[23] 966–1028 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yorimichi[24][25] 992–1074 | Norimichi[26] 996–1075 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Morozane[27] 1042–1101 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Moromichi[28] 1062–1099 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tadazane[29] 1075–1162 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tadamichi[30] 1097–1164 | Yorinaga[31] 1120–1156 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Konoe Family | Matsudono Family | Kujō Family | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Konoe Motozane[32] 1143–1166 | Matsudono Motofusa[33] 1144?–1231 | Kujō Kanezane[30] 1149–1207 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Konoe Motomichi[16][34] 1160–1233 | Matsudono Moroie[33] 1172–1238 | Kujō Yoshitsune[35] 1169–1206 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Konoe Iezane[34] 1179–1242 | Kujō Michiie[35] 1193–1252 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Takatsukasa Family | Nijō Family | Ichijō Family | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Konoe Kanetsune[36] 1210–1259 | Takatsukasa Kanehira[37] 1228–1294 | Kujō Norizane[38] 1211–1235 | Nijō Yoshizane[39] 1216–1271 | Ichijō Sanetsune[40] 1223–1284 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
- In the 13th century, the main line of the Fujiwara family split into "Five regent houses": the Kujō, Nijō and Ichijō (descendants of Kanezane); and also the Konoe and Takatsukasa (descendants of Motozane). To view the complete family tree, visit Fujiwara family tree.
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- ^ http://www.asahi-net.or.jp/~sg2h-ymst/hamanari.html
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